ASSESSMENT OF QUANTITATIVE POINT-OF-CARE G6PD ACTIVITY BY USING CARESTART BIOSENSOR IN MALARIA ENDEMIC ZONE OF TUY DUC DISTTRICT, DAK NONG PROVINCE

Nguyen Duc Giang1, Vu Sinh Nam2, Huynh Hong Quang3, Chau Van Khanh3, Ho Van Hoang3
1 National Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology
2 National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology
3 Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology Quy Nhon

Main Article Content

Abstract

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy in the
human population, especially those living in malaria endemic areas. Decreased G6PD enzymatic
activity is associated with 8-aminoquinolines-induced hemolysis leading to severe complication, and
malaria elimination challenge, especially in Plasmodium vivax malaria. This study was conducted to
the enzyme G6PD activity deficiency in population are living in malaria endemic zone in Tuy Duc
district, Dak Nong province. Method: In order to inform the safer use of 8-aminoquinolines, a crosssectional study which included 2,809 subjects was conducted using a quantitative CareStart™ G6PD
biosensor (AccessBio, USA). Results: The results showed that the normal value of G6PD activity
is 9.03 IU/g Hb, the adjusted male median is 8.78 IU/g Hb, the 30% and 80% cut-off values were
2.63 IU/g Hb and 7.02 IU/g Hb, respectively. The overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency of study
population was 2,31%, with the figures for male and female were 3.65% and 1.49%, respectively. The
prevalence of G6PD deficiency was significantly different among ethnic minority groups (p<0.005).
Conclusions: The quantitative test should include point-of-care G6PD activity testing in clinical
practice of vivax malaria to allow the safe use of 8-aminoquinolines for radical treatment.

Article Details

References

[1] Tạ Thị Tĩnh, Lê Minh Đạo, Nguyễn Minh
Hùng, Trần Thị Uyên, Thiếu enzyme glucose-6-
phosphate dehydrogenase trong một số nhóm dân
tộc khác nhau tại Việt Nam. Hội nghị Quốc gia về
Sốt rét, Ký sinh trùng và Côn trùng (2001-2005),
Nhà xuất bản Y học, 2006.
[2] Bancone G, Menard D, Khim N et al., Molecular
characterization and mapping of glucose-6-
phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations
in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Malaria
journal, 18(1), 2009.
[3] Chu CS, Freedman DO, Tafenoquine and
G6PD: A primer for clinicians. Journal of travel
medicine, 26(4), taz023, 2019.
[4] Domingo GJ, Satyagraha AW, Anvikar A et
al., G6PD testing in support of treatment and
elimination of malaria: Recommendations
for evaluation of G6PD tests, Malaria
Journal, 12:391, 2013.
[5] Oo NN, Bancone G, Maw LZ et al., Validation
of G6PD point-of-care tests among healthy
volunteers in Yangon, Myanmar. PloS
one, 11(4):e0152304, 2016.
[6] Pfeffer DA, Ley B, Howes RE et al., Quantification
of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity
by spectrophotometry: A systematic review and
meta-analysis. PLoS Med 17(5): e1003084, 2020.
[7] Rueangweerayut R, Bancone G, Harrell EJ et
al., Hemolytic potential of tafenoquine in female
volunteers heterozygous for G6PD deficiency
(G6PD Mahidol variant) versus G6PD-normal
volunteers. The American Journal of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene, 97(3):702-711, 2017.
[8] WHO, Point-of-care G6PD testing to support
safe use of primaquine for the treatment of vivax
malaria. WHO Evidence review group meeting
report, WHO/UNAIDSbuilding, 2015.
[9] WHO, Guide to G6PD deficiency rapid diagnostic
testing to support P. vivax radical cure, 2018.
[10] WHO, World Malaria Report 2020, 2020.