NGHIÊN CỨU NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP HÚT BUỒNG TỬ CUNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN TỪ TRÊN 45 TUỔI CÓ NGHI NGỜ BỆNH LÝ NIÊM MẠC TỬ CUNG

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of endometrial histopathological lesion types and analyze some related factors in women aged 45 years and older.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 299 patients aged 45 and older with suspected endometrial pathology who underwent uterine aspiration at Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024.

Results: Among 299 cases, the rate of no lesions was 71.2%. In the group with lesions (n=86), benign lesions accounted for 69.8% (mainly typical endometrial hyperplasia), while cancer and precancerous lesions accounted for 30.2% (including endometrial cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia). Multivariate analysis showed that independent factors increasing the risk of malignant/premalignant lesions included: early menarche <13 years (OR=6.3; p=0.019), menopausal status (OR=6.0; p=0.028), and the presence of a mass in the uterine cavity on ultrasound (OR=5.3; p=0.029). Endometrial thickness did not show a statistically significant association in the multivariate model.

Conclusion: Special attention should be paid to screening for malignant pathologies in women over 45 who are menopausal, have a history of early menarche, or present with an abnormal mass in the uterine cavity.