15. MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỘT SỐ TÁC DỤNG KHÔNG MONG MUỐN CỦA METHOTREXATE LIỀU CAO TRÊN NGƯỜI BỆNH UNG THƯ XƯƠNG TẠI KHOA NỘI NHI BỆNH VIỆN K

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to describe some adverse effects of high-dose Methotrexate regimen in patients with bone cancer and to explore on the relationship between nutritional status and these adverse effects.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study using a pre-designed questionnaire was conducted in 42 bone cancer patients receiving high-dose Methotrexate at the Pediatric Department of K Hospital, from April 2024 to October 2024.

Results: The most common age group for bone cancer was between 10-20 years, comprising 78.4% of the sample, with a higher percentage of male patients (57.1%). Most patients (74.8%) were from rural or mountainous areas. At diagnosis, 21.4% of patients had metastasis, and 33.3% experienced underweight or malnutrition during treatment. The most prevalent clinical symptoms included vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite, and hair loss, which were reported by 81% of patients. Diarrhea was noticed in 19% of patients, while 90.5% of them had leucopenia. Methotrexate toxicity was observed in 52.4% of patients. The malnourished group had higher rates of oral mucositis and MTX toxicity than the healthy group (p values ​​are 0.026 and 0.03, respectively).

Conclusion: Patients with bone sarcoma have a high rate of malnutrition at 33.3%. Nutritional status was significantly associated with the adverse effects of MTX, namely stomatitis and methotrexate toxicity.