Objective: To evaluate management strategies for hydatidiform mole at Kien Giang Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital during 2022–2024.
Subject and method: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 55 patients diagnosed with hydatidiform mole by histopathology and treated at the Gynecology Department from January 2022 to December 2024. Data were collected from medical records, including risk classification, management methods, number of evacuations, use of prophylactic chemotherapy, ultrasound findings, and β-hCG trends. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0.
Results: High-risk hydatidiform mole accounted for 60%, predominantly complete mole. The main management strategy was uterine evacuation combined with prophylactic Methotrexate + Folinic acid in high-risk cases, while low-risk cases underwent evacuation alone. Most patients required two evacuations. Residual molar tissue was detected on ultrasound in 80% of cases, mainly in complete mole, accompanied by significantly higher post-evacuation β-hCG levels compared with partial mole (p = 0.007). The Methotrexate + Folinic acid regimen was well tolerated with minimal adverse effects. Most patients had short durations of post-evacuation vaginal bleeding and favorable clinical recovery.
Conclusion: The management strategy for hydatidiform mole at Kien Giang Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital—based on risk stratification and the use of Methotrexate + Folinic acid prophylaxis in high-risk cases—proved effective and safe. However, the high rates of residual molar tissue and repeated evacuations, especially in complete mole, highlight the need to optimize evacuation techniques and strengthen β-hCG and ultrasound monitoring to detect persistent gestational trophoblastic disease early.