Tạp chí Y học Cộng đồng

EVALUATION OF MAXILLARY SINUS VOLUME IN ADULT VIETNAMESE USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Nguyen Trieu Viet, Lai Khoi Nguyen , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lien — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To investigate the dimensions of the maxillary sinus measured on maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) scans and estimate the volume of the maxillary sinus. This study aims to evaluate the differences in maxillary sinus size between males and females, as well as between the left and right sides of the normal maxillary sinus in Vietnamese adults.

Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive case series study. A total of 196 maxillary sinuses were examined using maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) scans from 98 Vietnamese individuals aged 18 and older, with no related sinonasal pathology, conducted at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. The vertical, transverse, and anteroposterior diameters of the maxillary sinus were measured using the bone window on non-contrast maxillofacial CT scans. The sinus volume was estimated using a formula based on these measurements. Statistical analysis was performed to compare differences in the obtained parameters.

Results: The mean age of the study sample was 47.02 ± 12.076 years. The smallest measured sinus volume was 6.17 cm³, the largest was 40.62 cm³, and the average volume was 22.4672 ± 7.651 cm³. The maxillary sinus volume in males was larger than in females, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.04 < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in the maxillary sinus volume between the right and left sides.

Conclusion: Using computed tomography to evaluate maxillary sinus volume provides valuable insights into the morphological characteristics of the Vietnamese population, enhancing knowledge for clinical and anthropological applications.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEP QUALITY AND ANXIETY AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To examine the association between sleep quality and anxiety levels among high school students.

Subjects and Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among students aged 15 to 17 years from Hoa Vang High School who met the eligibility criteria. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while generalized anxiety levels were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale.

Results: To determine the relationship between sleep quality and anxiety, a total of 737 high school students were surveyed (62.7% female; mean age 15.7 ± 0.87 years). The mean PSQI score was 5.9 ± 3.4, indicating relatively poor sleep quality, with female students reporting significantly poorer sleep than males (p < 0.001). Anxiety levels were also higher in females (mean GAD-7 score: 8.3 ± 4.6 vs. 5.8 ± 4.3 in males; p < 0.001). Additionally, 31.2% of students reported going to bed after midnight. Correlation analysis revealed a moderately strong, statistically significant positive association between sleep quality (PSQI) and anxiety (r = 0.543; p < 0.001), negative association between sleep duration per day and general anxiety (r=0.276, p<0.001). This two-way relationship appeared comparable between males and females.

Conclusion: The study identified a bidirectional association between sleep quality, sleep duration, and anxiety levels among high school students .

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY OUTCOMES AFTER PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS AGED ≥75 YEARS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Dang Van Minh, Vu Dien Bien, Nguyen Ngoc Quang, Ta Quang Thanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate several factors affecting the outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 30 days in patients aged ≥75 years with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 104 patients aged ≥75 years who were diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and indicated for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Vietnam National Heart Institute – Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi Heart Hospital, and Huu Nghi Hospital from 2018 to 2021.

Results: The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was 10.6%. Age ≥85 years (OR = 5.37; p = 0.006), Killip class III and IV (OR = 4.74; p = 0.028), TIMI score >6 (OR = 9.79; p = 0.011), CK-MB >39 U/L (OR = 4.11; p = 0.032), elevated Troponin T >4084.2 ng/L (OR = 6.19; p = 0.008), and ST elevation ≥4.0 mm (OR = 6.24; p = 0.003) were associated with an increased risk of MACE within 30 days after primary PCI in elderly patients.

Conclusion: Factors associated with adverse outcomes after primary PCI in patients aged ≥75 years with STEMI within 30 days included advanced age, high Killip class, TIMI score >6, elevated CK-MB, Troponin T levels, and ST elevation ≥4.0 mm.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OUTCOME OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION AFTER 6 MONTHS IN PATIENTS ≥75 YEARS OLD WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Dang Van Minh, Vu Dien Bien, Nguyen Ngoc Quang, Ta Quang Thanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after 6 months in patients aged ≥75 years with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Subjects and Methods: A prospective, interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 patients aged ≥75 years, diagnosed with acute STEMI and indicated for PCI at Vietnam National Heart Institute – Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi Heart Hospital, and Huu Nghi Hospital during the period 2018–2023.

Results: The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 6 months post-PCI was 18.3%. The risk factors significantly associated with MACE were: age ≥85 years (OR = 5.39; p = 0.020), diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.95; p = 0.037), Killip class III+IV (OR = 4.44; p = 0.011), TIMI risk score >6 (OR = 3.84; p = 0.019), CK-MB >39 (OR=3.35, p = 0.019), TroponinT T>4084.2 ng/L (OR = 8.02, p<0.001), ST-segment elevation ≥4.0 mm (OR = 4.03; p = 0.009), triple-vessel disease (OR = 3.39; p = 0.016), and left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesion (OR = 4.27; p = 0.046).

Conclusion: The factors associated with adverse outcomes following PCI in patients aged ≥75 years with STEMI within 6 months were advanced age, diabetes, high Killip class, elevated TIMI score (>6), lower CK-MB concentration, Troponin T concentration, ST elevation ≥4.0 mm, triple-vessel coronary artery disease, and LMCA involvement.

HIGH-DOSE AMOXICILLIN FOR H. PYLORI GASTRITIS IN CHILDREN: A CASE-SERIES STUDY

Le Thi Thuy Dung, Le Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a high-dose Amoxicillin regimen in the treatment of gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children in Vietnam.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 50 pediatric patients under 16 years of age (mean age 7.46 ± 3.01 years) diagnosed with first-time H. pylori-associated gastritis and treated at Thanh Hoa Pediatric Hospital. The treatment regimen included high-dose Amoxicillin (75-100 mg/kg/day, divided into two doses for 2 weeks) combined with other antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI).

Results: After treatment, significant improvements were observed in clinical symptoms: abdominal pain decreased from 100% to 36%, vomiting and nausea from 60% to 8%, belching and acid reflux from 24% to 2%, and bloating and indigestion from 14% to 2%. Minimal adverse events were reported, with abdominal pain in 4% of cases and vomiting or diarrhea in 2%. The eradication rate of H. pylori was 44%.

Conclusion: The high-dose Amoxicillin regimen improved clinical symptoms in children with H. pylori-associated gastritis. However, the low eradication rate suggests a high prevalence of Amoxicillin resistance in Vietnam. Further studies with larger sample sizes and a control group are needed to identify more effective treatment strategies tailored to local antibiotic resistance patterns.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEAD CONCENTRATIONS IN BLOOD, THYROID TISSUE, AND THYROID CANCER

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Current research on lead (Pb) in relation to the thyroid and particularly thyroid cancer remains limited.

Objective: To compare Pb concentrations in blood and thyroid tissue samples between the patient and control groups; evaluate the association between Pb concentrations and thyroid cancer.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 282 patients with benign and malignant thyroid tumors at stages 1, 2, and 4. Lead concentrations in blood and thyroid tissue were measured, and their correlation with thyroid cancer was analyzed.

Results: The blood Pb concentration in the patient group was 1.27 ± 2.33 µg/L, while in the control group, it was 0.65 ± 2.35 µg/L. The Pb concentration in thyroid tissue for the benign and malignant groups was 15.26 ± 72.87 µg/kg and 36.88 ± 74.32 µg/kg, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that blood Pb levels in the malignant thyroid tumor group were higher than in the benign group (OR = 1.270; 95% CI: 1.011–1.594; p = 0.040). High Pb concentrations in thyroid tissue were associated with thyroid cancer (OR = 1.006; 95% CI: 1.000–1.011; p = 0.043).

Conclusion: High Pb concentrations in thyroid tissue and blood samples are associated with thyroid cancer.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS AMONG OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY AT HO CHI MINH CITY

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among university students is increasing, with physical inactivity being a key contributing factor. This study aimed to assess physical activity (PA) patterns among overweight and obese students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 411 overweight and obese students using the World Health Organization’s Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Data were entered using Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and analyzed in RStudio version 4.5.0.

Results: A total of 50.9% of overweight and obese students did not meet the WHO’s recommendations on PA for health. The proportions of low, moderate, and high PA levels were 58.9%, 13.4%, and 27.7%, respectively. Male students engaged in more physical activity and were more likely to meet recommended PA levels than female students, who tended to engage in more sedentary behaviours (p < 0.05). A non-linear trend was found between PA levels and BMI categories.

Conclusions: A large proportion of overweight and obese medical students did not meet the WHO physical activity recommendations. The findings indicate a need for medical universities to promote travel-related and recreational physical activity to support weight management.

THE IMPACT OF SOME FACTORS ON OOCYTE MATURATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AT HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To characterize oocyte maturation status and investigate clinical factors influencing oocyte maturity in controlled ovarian stimulation cycles for in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed 139 IVF cycles utilizing a GnRH antagonist protocol at the Center of IVF and Tissue Engineering, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, between January 2023 and June 2024. Data regarding oocyte developmental stage, ovarian stimulation parameters, and fertilization outcomes were systematically collected and evaluated.

Results: Mature oocytes at the metaphase II (MII) stage constituted 65.81 ± 17.92% of the total oocytes retrieved, whereas immature oocytes at the metaphase I (MI) and germinal vesicle (GV) stages accounted for 9.2 ± 11.18% and 6.88 ± 10.55%, respectively. The intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) rate was 69.36 ± 17.64%, with a corresponding fertilization rate of 88.29 ± 18.03%. Prolonged duration of infertility and lower initial doses of recombinant FSH were significantly associated with an increased proportion of immature oocytes (p = 0,001 and p = 0,022, respectively). In contrast, a longer duration of ovarian stimulation was positively correlated with higher oocyte maturation rates (p = 0,031). No statistically significant associations were observed between oocyte maturity and patient age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, body mass index (BMI), or serum concentrations of LH, estradiol, and progesterone at the time of trigger.

Conclusion: The degree of oocyte maturation in IVF cycles appears to be influenced by modifiable clinical variables, particularly the duration of infertility, the initial FSH dosage, and the length of ovarian stimulation. Further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate the role of these factors in optimizing oocyte quality and enhancing clinical outcomes.

EMBRYOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ICSI–MICROTESE IN NON-OBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIC PATIENTS WITH A HISTORY OF MUMPS ORCHITIS

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of micro-TESE combined with ICSI in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) who had a history of mumps orchitis, focusing on sperm retrieval rates, embryological development outcomes, and clinical pregnancy results.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 293 patients with NOA who underwent micro-TESE, assessing sperm retrieval rates, hormone profiles, and subsequent embryological and clinical outcomes, with a particular focus on those with a history of mumps orchitis.

Results: The overall sperm retrieval rate (SRR) among NOA patients was 59.4% (174/293). Remarkably, patients with a history of mumps orchitis (n=51) had a significantly higher SRR of 94.1% (p < 0.05) than those with other etiologies. Additionally, SRR-positive patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (p = 0.022 and p = 0.015), suggesting a possible compensatory response of the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis. Among the 48 ICSI cycles performed in the mumps orchitis group, the fertilization rate was 70.4 ± 22.7 %, the Day 5 blastocyst formation rate reached 60.4%, the β-hCG positivity rate was 82.8%, and the ongoing pregnancy rate was 69.0%.

Conclusion: Micro-TESE combined with ICSI proves to be an effective and optimal treatment for NOA patients, especially those with a history of mumps orchitis, achieving high sperm retrieval and promising ongoing pregnancy outcomes. The findings also underscore mumps as a continuing threat to male fertility in Vietnam, reinforcing the importance of early diagnosis and timely medical intervention.

CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PATIENT CARE OUTCOMES LUMBAR SPONDYLOLISTHESIS SURGERY AT 108 CENTRAL MILITARY HOSPITAL IN 2025

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate the outcomes of nursing care for patients undergoing lumbar spondylolisthesis surgery at the 108 Military Central Hospital in 2025.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients diagnosed with lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent surgery at the Spine surgery department, 108 Military central Hospital. Data was collected from medical records and through a self-designed interview tool to assess nursing care effectiveness based on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain assessment, and patient satisfaction with nursing care outcomes. Data was analyzed using SPSS 25.0 with frequency tables and percentage distributions.

Results: The mean age of participants was relatively high (61.7 ± 8.9 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 1:4.3. The average length of hospital stay was 5.8 ± 2.0 days. Pain was the primary reason for admission in 95% of cases. A total of 83.5% of patients experienced painless dressing changes, and the standard dressing change frequency of every two days was achieved in 95.5% of cases. The proportion of patients whose surgical drains were removed within 48 hours was high (96.0%), and more than half did not require urinary catheterization after surgery (58.5%). The incidence of nerve root injury and surgical site infection were 3.5% and 1.0%, respectively. All patients reported satisfaction with surgical nursing rehabilitation activities, with 55.7% being very satisfied, 25.8% satisfied, and 15.5% neutral.

Conclusion: The postoperative complication rate was very low (4.5%), and 100% of patients expressed satisfaction with nursing care at varying levels. The proportion of patients with good care outcomes was very high (86.5%).

PREVALENCE AND OCCUPATIONAL CORRELATES OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE SYNDROMES AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Vo Kieu My, Nguyen Thai Duong, Nguyen Thanh Hung, Ly Chung Huy — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of Traditional Medicine (TM) syndromes and their association with occupation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) at Le Van Thinh Hospital.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Le Van Thinh Hospital from December 2024 to April 2025.

Results: Among 384 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, six syndromes and one special pattern were identified. The most common were Lung meridian constrained by heat (29.17%), followed by Lung Qi Deficiency (27.60%) and Qi Stagnation with Blood Stasis (17.97%). The least common were Spleen Qi Deficiency with Dampness Retention (3.91%) and Kidney Yang Deficiency (3.65%). The Phlegm-Turbidity Obstructing the Lung syndrome was significantly associated with female gender (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: In patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, the common TM syndromes include Lung Lung meridian constrained by heat (29.17%), Lung Qi Deficiency (27.6%), Qi Stagnation with Blood Stasis (17.97%), and Phlegm-Turbidity Obstructing the Lung (16.15%). There is an association between Phlegm-Turbidity Obstructing the Lung and Lung Qi Deficiency with occupation.

KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE OF DENGUE PREVENTION AMONG FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS OF BACH MAI MEDICAL COLLEGE IN 2024

Bui Minh Thu, Do Thi Kim Chi, Khuat Thi Quynh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Dengue fever epidemics occur very complicatedly in annual cycles, the number of cases tends to increase, improving knowledge of disease prevention practices for students is very important, especially first-year students.

Objectives: 1) Describe practical knowledge of dengue prevention among first-year students at Bach Mai Medical College in 2024; 2) Identify some factors related to knowledge and practice of dengue fever prevention of the research subjects.

Materials and method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted on 315 first-year students using the convenience sampling method from December 2023 to July 2024 at Bach Mai Medical College.

Results: Through a survey of 315 first-year students, 18.73% of students had satisfactory knowledge of dengue fever prevention and 45.08% of students had satisfactory practice in dengue fever prevention. The study found an inverse relationship between knowledge and practice and a relationship between ethnicity and knowledge (p<0.05), between knowledge and practice (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The percentage of students with satisfactory knowledge and practice is low. Health education and communication activities need to be promoted to enhance students' self-awareness and responsibility in preventing dengue fever.

ACADEMIC STRESS COPING STRATEGIES AMONG STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES, THANG LONG UNIVERSITY, HANOI, ACADEMIC YEAR 2021–2022

Tran Quynh Anh, Tran Thi Nguyet, Dang Thi Hai, Ngo Toan Anh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the coping strategies for academic stress among students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Thang Long University during the 2021–2022 academic year.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on students from the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Thang Long University. The Academic Coping Strategies Scale (ACSS) was used to assess students’ responses to stress, consisting of three categories: approach strategies, avoidance strategies, and social support. Higher scores indicate greater use of the respective coping strategy.

Results: A total of 452 students participated in the study, with the majority being female (80.7%) and an average age of 19.4. The average total ACSS score was 101.59 ± 10.45 (range 34 to 170); specifically, the mean score for approach strategies was 51.29 ± 6.84 (range 15 to 75), avoidance strategies 27.15 ± 6.02 (range 11 to 55), and social support strategies 23.15 ± 4.78 (range 8 to 40).

Conclusion: Students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages at Thang Long University predominantly employed approach (active) coping strategies in response to academic stress, while avoidance and social support strategies were used to a lesser extent.

SOME FACTORS RELATED TO ACADEMIC STRESS COPING STRATEGIES AMONG STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES, THANG LONG UNIVERSITY, ACADEMIC YEAR 2021–2022

Tran Quynh Anh, Tran Thi Nguyet , Dang Thi Hai, Ngo Toan Anh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To analyze several factors related to coping strategies for academic stress among students of the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Thang Long University, in the 2021–2022 academic year.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 452 students from the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Thang Long University.

Results: Students majoring in English, with average or above-average economic conditions, living independently, not under academic pressure from family, and who had not repeated any courses in the previous semester were more likely to adopt approach coping strategies (p<0.05). In contrast, students majoring in Japanese and those experiencing academic pressure from lecturers or family tended to use avoidant coping strategies (p<0.05). Additionally, students under pressure from lecturers were more likely to seek social support as a coping mechanism.

Conclusion: Students’ coping strategies for academic stress are influenced by both individual and environmental factors. Targeted psychological interventions are needed, particularly for at-risk student groups.

OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HOSPITAL NURSES

Nguyen Ngoc Bich, Huynh Tuan Kiet, Nguyen Thi Xuan — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Nursing is a profession with high physical and psychological demands, making nurses vulnerable to occupational stress, which may affect both their health and the quality of patient care.

Objective: To assess the level of occupational stress and identify associated factors among nurses at several hospitals in Can Tho City, Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 267 nurses using an electronic questionnaire (Google Forms) from July to August 2025. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics (frequencies, means, and standard deviations) and logistic regression to identify associated factors.

Results: The 12-item stress scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.96). The mean stress score was 41.8 ± 15.0. The highest stressors were “occupational health problems” (3.85 ± 1.57), “lack of time for family” (3.72 ± 1.46), and “work-related fatigue” (3.70 ± 1.59). Stress levels were classified as mild in 37.4% of nurses, moderate in 37.1%, severe in 23.2%, and absent in only 2.3%. Significant demographic factors associated with stress included self-reported health status, having children, and being a single parent (p < 0.05). Significant work-related factors were the working department and daily working hours (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Most nurses experienced moderate to high levels of occupational stress, particularly related to workload, insufficient family time, and occupational health issues. Interventions at both organizational and individual levels are needed to support nurses’ physical and mental health and to improve the working environment.

SECONDARY TRAUMATIC STRESS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG NURSES IN HOSPITALS IN CAN THO CITY

Huynh Tuan Kiet, Nguyen Ngoc Bich, Nguyen Thi Xuan — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Secondary traumatic stress (STS) among nurses can negatively affect mental health and the quality of patient care, yet studies on this issue in Vietnam remain limited.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of STS and its associated factors among nurses in several hospitals in Can Tho City.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 267 nurses. Data were collected using the 10-item STS scale (ProQOL R-V) via an electronic questionnaire from July to August 2025. Demographic, occupational, and work environment factors were surveyed. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify associated factors.

Results: The prevalence of high, moderate, and low STS was 6.4%, 46.8%, and 46.8%, respectively. The mean STS score was 24.36 ± 11.6 (SE = 0.71). Significant associated factors included caring for young children, working department (nurses in Pediatrics were at higher risk than those in other departments), years of experience, and occupational stress level (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: STS among hospital nurses is a considerable concern with a notable prevalence. Identifying associated risk factors provides a foundation for developing appropriate interventions.

INTENTION TO RECEIVE INFLUENZA VACCINATION AMONG PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STUDENTS AT HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IN 2024 AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS

Nguyen Huu Thang, Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, Bui Thanh Hai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aimed to describe the intention to receive seasonal influenza vaccination among preventive medicine students at Hanoi Medical University in 2024 and to analyze associated factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 447 preventive medicine students at Hanoi Medical University.

Results: Only 66% of students intended to receive the seasonal influenza vaccine. The two main barriers to vaccination were lack of time and concerns about post-vaccination side effects. Female students were 1.6 times more likely to intend to get vaccinated compared to male students (95% CI: 1.1–2.4). Additionally, students who had previously received the influenza vaccine were 6.4 times more likely to intend to get vaccinated in the future than those who had not (95% CI: 3.1–13.1).

Conclusion: The proportion of students intending to receive the seasonal influenza vaccine remains low, at only 66%, with significantly lower rates observed among male students and those who have never been vaccinated. Strengthening communication strategies that provide accurate information and emphasize the benefits of vaccination, especially targeting male students and those without prior vaccination, is essential to increase vaccination intention

CURRENT STATUS OF HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AT COMMUNE HEALTH STATIONS IN VINH YEN CITY, VINH PHUC PROVINCE, 2024

Doan Van Giang, Nguyen Huu Thang, Pham Quoc Hung — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Hypertension is a significant cause of cardiovascular disease, yet it is preventable and manageable at the community level. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the current status of Hypertension management at nine commune health stations (CHSs) in Vinh Yen City, Vinh Phuc Province, from August 2024 to April 2025. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires and health reports, then analyzed using SPSS 25.

All CHSs provided Hypertension screening, but only 44.4% offered ongoing treatment management. On average, each CHS had 3.7 staff involved; 55.6% had sufficient blood pressure monitors; 33.3% had adequate anthropometric tools; and 77.8% had clinical guidelines available. Regarding medications, 33.3% of CHSs stocked two drug classes, and 22.2% had all three essential antihypertensive drug groups. In 2024, 81.8% of adults aged ≥40 were screened, and 10.2% were newly diagnosed. In four communes, 29.2% of patients were under treatment, with 46.6% achieving target blood pressure. Factors significantly associated with blood pressure control included regular follow-up over three months (p=0.033), appropriate dose adjustment (p=0.027), and lifestyle behavior change (p=0.010).

CURRENT STATUS OF KNOWLEDGE ON MANAGING SHARP EXPOSURE OF 3RD-YEAR NURSING STUDENTS AT A COLLEGE IN HANOI

Bui Minh Thu, Nguyen Thi Huong Giang, Nguyen Khanh Chi — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Exposure to sharp objects (NSI) poses a risk of HBV, HCV, and HIV transmission and affects health and psychology. Third-year nursing students at a college in Hanoi are at high risk but lack knowledge of how to handle it. The study aims to survey third-year nursing students' current knowledge of handling sharp object exposure at a college in Hanoi.

Objective: Describe the current status of knowledge of sharp object exposure handling of third-year nursing students at a college in Hanoi in 2025.

Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted on 360 third-year nursing students from January 2025 to May 2025 at a college in Hanoi using a convenience sampling method.

Results: Survey results showed that the majority of third-year nursing students at a college in Hanoi had good knowledge of handling sharps exposure (86.9%) and blood-borne pathogens (86.9%), but limited knowledge of vaccines (41.1%). Correct awareness of safe practices, such as breaking ampoules, inserting/removing IV needles, transporting and capping needles, and not picking up needles by hand, was high (from 81.1% to 96.1%), but knowledge of puncture-resistant containers, when to reuse safety containers, and handling IV needles after use was still suboptimal (49.7% - 64.4%). The rate of correct first-aid understanding after NSI was only 58.6%, while most students knew how to report incidents (97.8%) promptly. Conclusion: Research suggests a need to improve training and practice in NSI prevention and management, especially in areas where content is limited.

ASSESSMENT OF ANISOMETROPIA IN VISUALLY IMPAIRED CHILDREN AGED 6-14 YEARS IN HO CHI MINH CITY

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and characteristics of anisometropia in children aged 6-14 years with visual impairment in Ho Chi Minh City.

Subjects and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 3593 visually impaired children aged 6-14 years in Ho Chi Minh City from August 2023 to October 2023.

Results: The prevalence of anisometropia was 26.30%, with 23.60% showing a refractive difference between 1.00D and 3.00D. The rate of amblyopia was higher in all asymmetric refractions from 1.00D and above. Primary school children had a significantly lower prevalence of anisometropia (18.70%) compared to secondary school children (30.96%). The prevalence of unilateral refractive error was higher than that of bilateral refractive error.

Conclusions: The prevalence of anisometropia in visually impaired children aged 6–14 years in Ho Chi Minh City was 26.30%. There were statistically significant correlations between anisometropia and amblyopia, school level, and the laterality of refractive error.

PATTERN OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY INPATIENTS AT THAI BINH GENERAL HOSPITAL DURING 2019–2023

Le Manh Cuong, Nguyen Van Chuyen, Ta Quang Thanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the pattern of cardiovascular diseases in elderly inpatients at Thai Binh General Hospital from 2019 to 2023.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing all medical records of inpatients aged ≥60 years hospitalized with cardiovascular diseases between 01/01/2019 and 31/12/2023.

Results: Over the 5 years, 47,731 hospitalizations of elderly patients due to cardiovascular conditions were recorded (50.9% male; 49.1% female). The overall mean age was 67.1 ± 15.2 years and increased gradually. The three most common disease groups were: other forms of heart disease (I30–I52) with 19,730 cases (in which arrhythmias accounted for 43.8% and heart failure 39.7%), hypertensive diseases (I10–I15) with 8,749 cases (70% essential hypertension), and ischemic heart diseases (I20–I25) with 7,102 cases (39.5% myocardial infarction and 36.6% angina pectoris). Among arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter were the most common, accounting for 5,287 of 8,645 cases (61.2%).

Conclusion: In elderly inpatients with cardiovascular diseases at Thai Binh General Hospital during 2019–2023, the most prevalent conditions were arrhythmias, heart failure, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease.

SOME FACTORS RELATED TO TREATMENT ADHERENCE AMONG OUTPATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY AT THANH NHAN HOSPITAL IN 2025

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To analyze some factors related to treatment adherence among outpatients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy at Thanh Nhan Hospital in 2025.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical components was conducted on 104 outpatients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.

Results: Patients aged 60 or younger, without health insurance, lacking support, having a disease duration of less than 5 years, and having insufficient disease knowledge were more likely to have poor treatment adherence.

Conclusion: There were statistically significant associations between treatment adherence and factors such as age, health insurance status, social support, disease duration, and disease-related knowledge.

PROCESS IMPROVEMENT: REPLACING HANDWRITTEN PATIENT ASSET BORROWING FORMS WITH INTEGRATED SOFTWARE AT YEN BAI GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2024

Tran Thi Que Chi, Tran Lan Anh, Diem Son, Pham Huu Thanh, Pham Ngoc Doan Trang — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of implementing an integrated software system for patient relative cards and asset borrowing forms in the management of textile asset lending and returning, replacing the manual, handwritten method at Yen Bai General Hospital.

Methods: The study subjects comprised all asset-borrowing-return transactions from July 22, 2023, to February 28, 2024. A pre-post comparative design was used. Data were collected from the Infection Control Department’s records and the hospital's asset management software.

Results: The processing time per transaction was reduced from 3–5 minutes to 30 seconds–1 minute. During the trial period (July 22, 2023 – February 28, 2024), with 15,777 asset-borrowing transactions, the solution saved over 42 million VND compared to the manual method. It also improved asset tracking accuracy, reduced loss, and facilitated payment procedures.

Conclusion: The solution is highly feasible and effective, contributing to improved service quality, cost savings, time efficiency, and enhanced hospital management. It has potential for broader application across other healthcare facilities.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PREOPERATIVE PATIENT PREPARATION BY NURSES AT THE SURGICAL DEPARTMENT, VINMEC TIMES CITY INTERNATIONAL HOSPITAL, 2024

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Objective: To analyze factors associated with preoperative patient preparation performed by nurses at the Surgical Department, Vinmec Times City International Hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Surgical Department of Vinmec Times City International Hospital from January to June 2024. The study included 184 surgical patients who were prepared preoperatively by nurses. Data were collected using a checklist evaluating five groups of standardized preoperative preparation activities. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, employing descriptive statistics and Chi–square (χ²) tests to determine associations between variables, with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results: Overall, 70.1% of nurses performed good-quality preoperative patient preparation, while 29.9% were rated as fair. All nurses achieved good performance in assessing vital signs and physical status (100%), with other preparation aspects ranging from 83.7% to 95.7%. Statistically significant associations were found between preparation outcomes and patients’ occupation, comorbidities, diagnosis, type of surgery, and form of surgery (p < 0.05). Additionally, nurse-related factors such as age, educational level, and years of experience were significantly associated with better preparation outcomes (p < 0.05), whereas gender differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.210).

Conclusion: Factors significantly associated with nurses’ preoperative patient preparation included nurses’ age, educational level, and work experience, as well as patients’ occupation, comorbidities, diagnosis, type, and form of surgery.

SURVEY ON OUTPATIENT INTEGRATED TREATMENT BETWEEN WESTERN AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AFTER THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SPECIALIZED CLINICS AT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER HO CHI MINH CITY – CAMPUS 3

Le Ngo Minh Nhu, Nguyen Trong Tin, Ho Hong Thuy, Phan Le Dinh Trung, Tran Hoa An — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: To describe the outpatient treatment patterns at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City – Campus 3 after the establishment of specialized clinics. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence of integrative Traditional Medicine (TM) – Western Medicine (WM) models, pharmacological prescription profiles, and the distribution of non-pharmacological therapies.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using 21,525 eligible electronic medical records from outpatient visits between April 1, 2024, and March 31, 2025. The unit of analysis was each outpatient visit. Data on integrative treatment patterns, pharmacological prescriptions, and non-pharmacological therapies were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate frequencies and percentages.

Results: Of 21,525 outpatient visits, the integrative TM-WM model was the most prevalent pattern (50.82%). TM drugs were prescribed in 87.20% of visits (with finished products predominating at 70.80%), while WM drugs were prescribed in 54.41%. The most common WM drug group was cardiovascular drugs (23.86%); the most common TM herbal categories were Qi tonifying (17.58%) and blood tonifying (11.71%). TM procedures accounted for the majority of non-pharmacological therapies (64.59%), led by thread embedding acupuncture (23.38%) and electroacupuncture (10.14%).

Conclusion: The outpatient treatment model at the specialized clinics is highly integrative, characterized by the modernization of TM drug use, pharmacological coordination between TM and WM, and a foundational reliance on evidence-based non-pharmacological TM therapies. These findings provide a basis for optimizing clinical protocols, health policy planning, and future research in integrative medicine.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NURSING PROCESS IN PATIENT CARE AMONG NURSING STUDENTS AT THANG LONG UNIVERSITY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Vu Dung, Hoang Thi Thu Huong, Nguyen Huy Hoang, Tran Thanh Long, Do Quang Tuyen — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: 1) To describe the barriers to the implementation of the nursing process in patient care among nursing students of Thang Long University; (2) To analyze selected factors associated with the barriers to implementing the nursing process in patient care among the study participants.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on all 232 nursing students enrolled in the master’s program and the bridging program from college to university at Thang Long University from January to August 2025. The barrier assessment instrument was adapted from the study by Manal Hamed Mahmoud, which demonstrated a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.820. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires and subsequently entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.

Results: Overall, 43.1% of students reported barriers, while 56.9% rated no barriers. The main barriers to implementing the nursing process identified by students included a lack of experience and ongoing training, high workload, staff shortages, non-care-related administrative burden, insufficient equipment and documentation forms, and time and funding constraints. In addition, management-related limitations were noted, including a lack of support and supervision, as well as hospital regulations and legal documents. Several factors were statistically associated with barriers in nursing process practice. Male students experienced more barriers than females (OR = 2.40; p < 0.001). Students from Internal Medicine/Pediatrics (OR = 3.08; p < 0.001) and Surgery/Obstetrics (OR = 2.37; p < 0.05) had a lower prevalence of barriers compared with those from other/specialty departments. Moreover, students in the master’s program reported more barriers than those in the undergraduate group (OR = 2.03; p <0,05) There was a significant negative correlation between barriers and years of experience in patient care (r = −0.325; p < 0.001) as well as with the recency of formal instruction in the nursing process (r = −0.143; p <0,05).

Conclusion: The level of perceived barriers among students was moderate, and these barriers were associated with selected personal characteristics, workplace units, and the advanced training programs in which they were enrolled

PRACTICE OF USING INHALED PREVENTIVE ASTHMA MEDICATION AMONG PARENTS OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL IN 2023 AND RELATED FACTORS

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Objective: This study aimed to describe parental practices in administering preventive inhaled medications and identify factors associated with correct technique among caregivers of asthmatic children at the National Pediatric Hospital in 2023.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical components was conducted among 209 parents and caregivers of asthmatic children attending the International Center S and the Department of Immunology and Allergy. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and observational checklists. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS 22.0, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.

Results: 72.7% demonstrated correct inhaler technique. The lowest accuracy rates were observed in exhalation before inhalation (58.9%) and pressing the canister during inhalation (32.5%). Parental occupation was significantly associated with inhaler technique (p < 0.05); farmers were 3.17 times more likely to perform incorrectly compared with civil servants. Conclusion: Although most parents correctly administered preventive inhalers, coordination errors remain common. Continuous educational interventions and hands-on training are essential to improve parental technique and optimize asthma control in children.

EVALUATION OF PAROTIDECTOMY OUTCOMES IN THE TREATMENT OF PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA OF THE PAROTID GLAND AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103

Ngo The Manh, Nguyen Sy Bac, Tran Thi Thu Quynh, Phan Hung Phuc — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the surgical outcomes in patients with pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland at Military hospital 103.

Materials and Methods: This prospective study involved 22 patients diagnosed with pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland, who underwent surgery at the Department of Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery, Military Hospital 103, from January 2023 to December 2024. Postoperative complications were monitored and evaluated at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery.

Results: The majority of patients (63.6%) underwent superficial parotidectomy. The rate of facial paralysis decreased over time: 81.8% at 1 week, 50.0% at 1 month, 27.3% at 3 months, and 0% at 6 months. By 6 months postoperatively, all patients had recovered normal facial motor function (House-Brackmann grade I). Complications included hematoma (4.5%) and salivary fistula (4.5%). There were no cases of surgical site infection, Frey syndrome, or tumor recurrence during follow-up.

Conclusion: Parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation is an effective and relatively safe surgical approach for the treatment of pleomorphic adenoma. Although early postoperative facial paralysis was relatively common, most patients achieved complete recovery within 6 months.

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF HEALTH EDUCATION AMONG PEDIATRIC NURSES FOR FAMILY MEMBERS OF PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTION AT THE VINMEC HOSPITAL SYSTEM IN 2025

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Health education (HE) provided by pediatric nurses is a key intervention, given that Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) constitutes a leading burden of disease in children. This study aims to describe the knowledge and practices of pediatric nurses regarding HE for RSV disease.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 04/2025 to 10/2025 on 89 pediatric nurses at 7 hospitals within the Vinmec system.

Results: The study sample possessed high professional qualifications (88.8% University/Postgraduate) and extensive experience (73.0% seniority > 5 years). 100% had received HE updates. The overall knowledge achievement rate was 61.8%, with a mean score of 22.7 ± 2.1; the "Disease prevention knowledge" domain had the lowest mean score (2.6 ± 0.6). The overall practice achievement rate was 61.8%, with a mean score of 50.2 ± 8.8. The skills "Listening" (4.7 ± 1.2) and "Encouraging" (4.6 ± 1.2) had the lowest mean scores. The Formal training group had a higher practice achievement rate (70.0%) than the Articulation (upgrading) group (44.8%). Conclusion: The achievement rates for both knowledge and practice of HE on RSV among nurses were 61.8%. Despite a strong professional background, the study identified gaps in prevention knowledge and the practice of deep communication skills. The Formal group practiced more effectively than the Articulation group, indicating the need for specialized and focused training programs.

IMPACT OF A TRAINING ON NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PERFORMANCE TOWARDS APPLYING ISBAR IN NURSING ACTIVITIES AT EMERGENCY AND INTENSIVE CARE DEPARTMENT, HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Pham Thi Le Huyen, Ho Hai Yen, Hoang Bui Hai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Effective and well-structured communication among nurses is fundamental to providing high-quality care and ensuring patient safety. Implementing a standardized communication framework helps promote clarity, completeness, and consistency in nursing handovers.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of training on nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and performance in applying ISBAR in nursing activities in the Emergency and Intensive Care Department at Hanoi Medical University Hospital.

Methods: A prospective, descriptive study design was conducted with 45 staff nurses working in the Emergency and Intensive Care Department. Data were collected using a Knowledge-Attitude assessment questionnaire and an observational checklist. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS, applying descriptive statistics, the McNemar test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare pre- and post-test results. The participants were between 24 and 45 years of age, with females accounting for 68.9% of the sample. After the ISBAR training, the mean knowledge scores increased significantly across all four items: situation, background, assessment, and recommendations (from 13.3 ± 2.7 to 14.6 ± 2.1, p < 0.05). Nurses’ attitudes toward ISBAR showed a positive shift, but it was not statistically significant. The ISBAR training improved overall communication performance, but its influence was inconsistent across various elements of communication performance.

Conclusion: Applying the ISBAR framework during handover improved nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and communication performance during shift changes.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE FENESTRATION SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF HORIZONTAL SENSORY STRABISMUS

Nong Kim Anh, Nguyen Van Huy, Nguyen Thanh Van — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of extraocular muscle fenestration surgery in the treatment of horizontal sensory strabismus.

Subjects and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 37 patients diagnosed with horizontal sensory strabismus who underwent extraocular muscle fenestration in the Pediatric Ophthalmology Department at Vietnam National Eye Hospital from December 2024 to July 2025. Both male and female patients aged ≥16 years were included.

Results: The study included 37 patients (mean age 27.2 ± 10.8 years), with the majority aged 16–40 years. The mean preoperative deviation angle was 33.5 ± 12.9 PD in sensory exotropia and 37.7 ± 11.8 PD in sensory esotropia. The surgical success rate (<10 PD) was 83.8% for sensory exotropia and 84.6% for sensory esotropia.

Conclusion: Extraocular muscle fenestration achieved high success in ocular alignment, with 83.8% in sensory exotropia and 84.6% in sensory esotropia. The mean deviation angle significantly decreased from 37.7 PD to 2.9 PD (exotropia) and from 33.5 PD to 6.7 PD (esotropia), with stable postoperative outcomes.

KNOWLEDGE ON THE PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE IN OUTPATIENTS AT TRA VINH PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL

Vu Thi Dao, Tran Thi Hong Phuong, Nguyen Thi Ngoan, Tran Van Boi, Nguyen Kha Ai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract: Peptic ulcer disease is a common condition worldwide and in Vietnam. In 2019, the global prevalence of peptic ulcer disease was approximately 8.09 million cases, an increase of 25.8% compared to 1990.

Research objectives: Determine the proportion of knowledge about preventing the recurrence of gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Research methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 patients. The study subjects were patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease who were receiving outpatient treatment at the Department of General Examination, Tra Vinh Provincial General Hospital. The study was carried out from May 6 to July 12, 2024. Location: Outpatient Clinic, Department of General Examination, Tra Vinh Provincial General Hospital.

Results: 53.1% of patients had correct knowledge about the role of prevention in the recurrence of peptic ulcer disease.

Conclusion: Health workers should pay more attention to providing health education to patients on preventing the recurrence of peptic ulcer disease, thereby improving treatment effectiveness and ensuring patients’ health.

THE CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL FEATURES AND TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF PLACENTA PREVIA AT A THAI NGUYEN HOSPITAL

Nguyen Hong Quang, Pham My Hoai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe clinical and paraclinical characteristics and outcomes of managing pregnant women with placenta previa at A Thai Nguyen Hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 84 pregnant women with placenta previa based on clinical and ultrasound findings, with a gestational age of 28 weeks or more, conducted from 01 June 2022 to 31 May 2025 at A Thai Nguyen Hospital.

Results: Placenta previa is most common in pregnant women aged 25–34 years old, accounting for 56.0%, 72.6% were multigravida, 64.3% were previous cesarean. Clinical features included vaginal bleeding in 59.5% of all cases, 47.6% had complete placenta previa. The cesarean delivery rate was 95.2%. X-stitch sutures at the placental attachment site, accounting for 58.8%. The mean gestational age at delivery was 37.2 ± 1.9 weeks.

Conclusion: Vaginal bleeding is a common symptom of placenta previa. The rate of successful hemostasis in the study was high (95.0%).

CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAM-NEGATIVE NEONATAL SEPSIS AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AT BACH MAI HOSPITAL

Nguyen Thi Duyen, Nguyen Thanh Nam, Nguyen Dac Trung — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:
To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of Gram-negative neonatal infections and to identify risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections at the Pediatric Center, Bach Mai Hospital, during 2023–2025.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study combined with a case–control design was conducted among neonates (<28 days old) diagnosed with neonatal sepsis. The case group included 60 infants with culture-confirmed MDR Gram-negative infections, and the control group consisted of 180 infants with negative cultures. Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and potential risk factors were collected and statistically analyzed.

Results:
Among 60 cases of Gram-negative neonatal infections, late-onset sepsis accounted for 78.9%, while early-onset sepsis accounted for 21.1%. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen (42.3%). The predominant clinical features were respiratory distress (83.3%), tachypnea ≥60 breaths/min (75%), chest retraction (73.3%), SpO₂ <90% (56.7%), poor feeding (56.7%), and jaundice (35%). Laboratory abnormalities included leukocytosis (43.3%), thrombocytopenia (40%), hypoalbuminemia (66.7%), elevated CRP (78.3%), and coagulopathy(70%).
Significant risk factors for MDR Gram-negative infection (p <0.05) included age at admission ≥7 days, late-onset sepsis, bag-mask ventilation or re-intubation, blood transfusion, parenteral nutrition, umbilical or central line catheterization, invasive mechanical ventilation ≥7 days, use of vasopressors, and exposure to ≥2 antibiotics or antibiotic regimen changes during treatment.

Conclusion:
Gram-negative neonatal infections, particularly those caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, are common and mainly associated with late-onset sepsis. Respiratory symptoms predominate, often accompanied by hematologic, biochemical, and coagulation abnormalities. Early identification and close monitoring of high-risk neonates, adherence to aseptic techniques, effective infection control, and rational antibiotic use are essential to improve outcomes and reduce mortality.

CURRENT STATUS OF THE DISEASE PATTERN AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE TREATMENT, TRADITIONAL MEDICINE - MODERN MEDICINE AT THE DEPARTMENT OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION, CAM KHE DISTRICT MEDICAL CENTER, PHU THO PROVINCE, PERIOD 2022–2024

Pham Anh Hung, Tran Thi Hong Ngai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

treatment at the Department of Traditional Medicine, Cam Khe District Medical Center, during the period 2022–2024, and to assess the current situation of treatment using Traditional Medicine alone and in combination with Modern Medicine at the same department during this period.

Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on all medical records of patients examined and treated at the Department of Traditional Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cam Khe District Medical Center, from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2024. Data on demographic characteristics, ICD-10 diagnoses, Traditional Medicine diagnoses, and treatment methods were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0.

Results: The study population was predominantly female (60.9%), older adults (≥ 60 years old accounted for, 48.8%), and residents of Cam Khe district (>80%). The disease burden was mainly attributed to non-communicable diseases, with the two most common groups being Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (Chapter XIII, 81.6%) and Diseases of the nervous system (Chapter VI, 48.6%). The combined treatment approach using Traditional and Modern Medicine was the primary strategy, accounting for 59.3% of patients. Among Traditional Medicine interventions, acupressure massage (83.0%) and electroacupuncture (78.4%) were most frequently utilized. The overall treatment effectiveness (recovered and improved) reached approximately 90%.

Conclusion: The disease pattern at the Department of Traditional Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cam Khe District Medical Center, clearly reflects the burden of chronic musculoskeletal and neurological diseases in the elderly, consistent with the national epidemiological transition trend. The current treatment practice demonstrates that the integrative model of Traditional and Modern Medicine is being effectively applied, maximizing the advantages of non-pharmacological methods and affirming the important vital role of Traditional Medicine at the primary healthcare level.

EVALUATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH ULTRASOUND THERAPY AND THE “LUC VI” HERBAL FORMULA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Do Duy Cuong, Tran Thi Hong Ngai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture combined with therapeutic ultrasound and the Lục Vị formula in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis at Phu Tho Traditional Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital, and to describe some undesirable effects of the treatment method.

Subjects and Methods: A prospective clinical study with before–afterbefore–and–after comparison was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis of the Cold-Dampness obstruction type combined with Liver-Kidney deficiency. Patients were treated with a combined regimen of electroacupuncture, therapeutic ultrasound, and the Lục Vị decoction for 20 days. Treatment effectiveness was assessed based on changes in VAS pain score, WOMAC index (pain, stiffness, physical function), and clinical indicators (knee joint range of motion, heel–buttockheel–to–buttock distance) at three time points: before treatment (D0), day 10 (D10), and day 20 (D20).

Results: After 20 days of treatment, the combined regimen showed significant improvement in all evaluated indicators. The mean VAS pain score decreased from 6.02 ± 0.14 to 2.32 ± 1.65 (p < 0.01). The total WOMAC score decreased from 55.66 ± 3.47 to 15.36 ± 4.94 (p < 0.01). The knee flexion range increased from 95.4 ± 7.61° to 111.5 ± 12.83° (p < 0.01). Other clinical symptoms of Traditional Medicine such as stiffness, joint crepitus, and poor sleep, such as stiffness, joint crepitus, and poor sleep, also improved significantly (p < 0.05). The treatment regimen was well toleratedwell-tolerated and safe.

Conclusion: The combination of electroacupuncture, therapeutic ultrasound, and the Lục Vị formula is an effective and safe treatment that helps reduce pain, relieve stiffness, and significantly improve mobility in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CAPSAICIN CREAM ON PATIENTS WITH HERPES ZOSTER AT 19-8 HOSPITAL

Le Thi Bich Hong, Bui Thi Van, Pham Thu Hien — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the treatment effectiveness of capsaicin cream on patients with herpes zoster.

Subjects and methods: This was a controlled retrospective, prospective study of patients with herpes zoster treated at 19-8 Hospital from 16 January 2025 to 9 December 2025

Results: The study populations were divided into two groups: a group treated with capsaicin (30 patients) and a control group (30 patients). There were no differences in age, gender, symptoms, or severity of herpes zoster between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, the capsaicin group had a significantly higher pain relief rate (76.7% vs. 3.3% without pain) and a higher patient satisfaction rate (100% vs. 83.3% with a very satisfactory complaint) than the control group.

Conclusion: Capsaicin cream demonstrated promising efficacy and safety in reducing patients' symptoms and improving their quality of life.

RESULTS OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA TREATMENT AT THAI NGUYEN A HOSPITAL

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Faced with the reality that pregnant women with preeclampsia were coming to Thai Nguyen A Hospital for treatment to determine treatment outcomes, we conducted a study with the following objectives: to evaluate the treatment outcomes of preeclampsia in pregnant women at Thai Nguyen A Hospital. Research subjects and methods: Including 136 pregnant women with preeclampsia treated from January 2023 to the end of December 2024.

Results: 100% of pregnant women had their pregnancies terminated. The method of terminating pregnancies by cesarean section accounted for 88.2%, and 11.8% of pregnant women had normal births. All cases were terminated within 24-48 hours of admission to the hospital, so the rate of complications among mothers and newborns was low. There were 30 cases of premature birth in severe preeclampsia, 26 cases with 19.1%. There were no cases of postnatal death. 100% of pregnant women discharged from the hospital were healthy and normal.

THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF NANO BERBERINE GEL VERSUS 1% SILVER SULFADIAZINE IN PEDIATRIC THERMAL BURN INJURIES

Le Quoc Chieu, Nguyen Ngoc Tuan, Chu Anh Tuan, Ho Thi Van Anh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy, bacterial control ability, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the wound healing effects of Berberin nano gel compared with Silver Sulfadiazine 1% cream (SSD 1%) on superficial thermal burns in pediatric patients.

Methods: A prospective, controlled, within-patient (split-wound) study in 34 children with II-III degree burns treated at Le Huu Trac National Burn Hospital. Each child had two damaged zones that were equivalent: Zone A was treated with Berberine nano gel, and Zone B was treated with SSD 1%. Evaluation of complete healing time, time to 50% epithelialization, surface bacterial load (D0, D7, D14), and CHEOPS pain score.

Results: Time to complete healing was shortened with Berberine nano gel: superficial second-degree 8.26 ± 2.45 days vs. 9.71 ± 2.95 days; third-degree 14.85 ± 5.20 days vs. 18.41 ± 6.56 days (p <0.05). The bacterial load was reduced in both zones over time. At D7, it was significantly lower in the Berberine nano gel group (43.22 ± 37.28 vs. 92.59 ± 81.14 CFU units; p <0.05), whereas at D14 the difference was not significant. The drug was well tolerated, with a mean CHEOPS of 1.56 ± 1.56.

Conclusion: Berberine nano gel shortens wound healing time, improves early bacterial control, and is a potential alternative to 1% SSD for the treatment of superficial burns in children.

SURVEY ON NURSING CARE OUTCOMES FOR PATIENTS WITH INDWELLING URINARY CATHETERS AT THE INTENSIVE CARE CENTER, BACH MAI HOSPITAL, 2025

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Mục tiêu: Mô tả kết quả chăm sóc người bệnh có đặt ống thông bàng quang tại Trung tâm
Hồi sức tích cực Bệnh viện Bạch Mai năm 2025.

Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang trên
138 người bệnh đang điều trị tích cực tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Nghiên cứu sử dụng bộ công cụ gồm
2 phần: phần 1: đặc điểm lâm sàng, cân lâm sàng của bệnh nhi bị tiêu chảy cấp được thu thập từ hồ
sơ bệnh án, và phần 2: bộ câu hỏi đánh giá về hoạt động chăm sóc ống thông của điều dưỡng viên.
Kết quả chăm sóc dựa vào tình trạng người bệnh khi ra viện và tình trạng nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu.
Phân tích số liệu trên SPSS 25.0 với bảng biểu mô tả tần số, tỷ lệ phần trăm và sử dụng test Chi-
square để phân tích sự thay đổi tình trạng người bệnh ở các thời điểm thu thập.

Kết quả: Về công tác chăm sóc, điều dưỡng thực hiện chăm sóc ống thông bàng quang đầy đủ chiếm 79,0%. Có sự thay đổi về tình trạng Glassgow ở các thời điểm theo dõi là 24h đầu, sau 48h và ngày 5. Tương tự, có sự
thay đổi về nhiệt độ cơ thể và tình trạng nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu của đối tượng nghiên cứu qua các thời
điểm theo dõi trong 24h, sau 48h và ngày 5 (sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05). Tỷ lệ
người bệnh có nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu tại ngày 5 là 17,4% và tỷ lệ kết quả chăm sóc tốt tương đối cao
(71,7%).

Kết luận: Tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu trên người bệnh có đặt ống thông bàng quang đang
điều trị tích cực còn tương đối cao (17,4%) và cần cải thiện kết quả chăm sóc của điều dưỡng trên
đối tượng này.

CURRENT STATUS OF CAREGIVER BURDEN AMONG STROKE PATIENT CAREGIVERS IN THE EMERGENCY AND STROKE DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL GERIATRIC HOSPITAL, 2025

Vu Thu Huong, Le Quang Khanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of caregivers and the level of caregiver burden in Vietnam, and to identify associated factors.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 137 caregivers. Demographic and clinical information was collected, and caregiver burden was assessed using the Zarit Burden Interview. Sleep quality was measured using the PSQI, and patient dependence was evaluated using the ADL/IADL scales.

Results: The majority of caregivers were aged 40–60 years (69.3%), 55.5% were female, 94.9% were married, 76.6% had a university degree or higher, and 74.5% lived in urban areas. Most caregivers experienced low to moderate burden (88%), while only 11.2% had moderate to high burden. Comparing caregiver burden levels, PSQI scores were significantly higher in the high-burden group than in the low-burden group (6.5 vs. 3; p = 0.001), whereas age, gender, marital status, and ADL/IADL scores showed no significant differences.

Conclusions: Most caregivers adapt well to their caregiving role. The low burden may be related to higher educational levels, better health literacy, and East Asian cultural values, where caring for relatives is considered a responsibility and duty. Sleep quality was strongly associated with caregiver burden, while the patient’s physical dependency was not a determining factor. Caregivers with high burden should be screened and provided with psychological support and opportunities for rest.

SURVEY ON THE NEED FOR APPLICATION OF AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE IN TREATMENT AT VINH LONG PROVINCIAL TRADITIONAL MEDICINE HOSPITAL

Nguyen Ngo Le Minh Anh, Luu Thi Phuong Truc, Le Thi Kim Yen, Nguyen Quang Hien — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To assess the demand for auricular acupuncture among patients and the perceived need for applying this technique in treatment among traditional medicine physicians at Vinh Long Provincial Traditional Medicine Hospital

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 patients and 21 traditional medicine physicians at Vinh Long Provincial Traditional Medicine Hospital from November 2023 to May 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using Stata 14.2.

Results: A total of 78.2% of patients expressed a desire to receive auricular acupuncture, while 81% of physicians indicated willingness to apply the technique in clinical practice. The main barriers reported by patients included: the method not yet implemented in the hospital (60%), concerns about cost, and mild discomfort. Most physicians (61.9%) believed that the hospital lacked sufficient equipment for implementation; however, two-thirds stated that they would be confident in performing auricular acupuncture if provided with adequate training and professional support.

Conclusion: Both patients and healthcare staff at Vinh Long Provincial Traditional Medicine Hospital demonstrated a high demand for the use and implementation of auricular acupuncture. Strengthening training activities, technical workshops, and infrastructure investment is essential to establishing auricular acupuncture as a routine therapeutic technique in the hospital.

ASSESSMENT OF MATERNAL SATISFACTION WITH EPIDURAL AND NON-EPIDURAL ANALGESIA SERVICE AT THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY AT BACH MAI HOSPITAL IN 2025.

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the satisfaction of parturients using the labor analgesia service with epidural anesthesia and to identify factors associated with their satisfaction.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 111 women who experienced vaginal deliveries at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, from July to September 2025.

Result: The majority had a high level of education and expressed concern about labor pain. Over 90% of women were satisfied with the analgesia service package in terms of facility quality, staff attitude, and administrative procedures. The continued care, encouragement, and positive support provided by midwives significantly influenced women’s satisfaction (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Most mothers were satisfied with the quality of the labor analgesia service. Midwives’ attention, care, and emotional support play an essential role in enhancing the childbirth experience and women’s satisfaction. Strengthening midwives’ communication and counseling skills is crucial for improving patient care.

KNOWLEDGE NEEDS OF SPINAL INJURY SURGERY PATIENTS BEFORE DISCHARGE AT THE SPINAL SURGERY DEPARTMENT OF VIET-DUC UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Dam Manh Tien, Dinh Ngoc Son, Vu Hoang Anh, Phung Thi Hanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the knowledge needs of patients undergoing spinal injury surgery before discharge from the Spine Surgery Department of Viet Duc University Hospital.

Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 150 patients undergoing spinal surgery in the Spine Surgery Department at Viet Duc Friendship Hospital to assess their knowledge needs using the Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS).

Results: The total PLNS score was 161,48 ± 5,78. Patients had the highest need for knowledge regarding care, detection of complications, and signs of disease (4,28 ± 0,78). This was followed by a high need for expertise in medication (4,17 ± 0,89) and information about treatment and daily activities (4,00 ± 0,87). The need for knowledge related to the disease itself was lower (3,93 ± 0,91), and the lowest need was for knowledge about community support and care (3,82 ± 1,03).

Conclusion: The knowledge needs of 150 spine surgery patients were high.

Recommendation: The assessment of patients’ knowledge needs should be strengthened and integrated into clinical practice, especially nursing practice, to contribute to comprehensive postoperative care.

PRELIMINARY SURVEY ON THE DEMAND FOR FACIAL REJUVENATION THREAD-EMBEDDING THERAPY IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

Le Thi Kim Yen, Nguyen Quang Hien, Nguyen Ngo Le Minh Anh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective:
To conduct a preliminary survey on the demand for the application of facial rejuvenation thread-embedding therapy in Traditional Medicine among patients and Traditional Medicine physicians at Can Tho Traditional Medicine Hospital.

Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 385 patients and 30 Traditional Medicine physicians at Can Tho Traditional Medicine Hospital from November 2023 to May 2024. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and analyzed with SPSS version 20.0.

Results:
A total of 65.7% of patients and 86.7% of Traditional Medicine physicians expressed demand for facial rejuvenation thread-embedding therapy. Patients mainly valued the method's safety (54.5%) and rejuvenation effectiveness (73.8%), while the primary barrier was the high treatment cost (29.7%). For physicians, the primary barrier was the lack of specialized training (100%), although most were confident and willing to implement the method if provided with adequate professional support.

Conclusion: Both patients and Traditional Medicine physicians perceive facial rejuvenation thread-embedding therapy as a feasible and valuable technique for health enhancement and aesthetic care in Traditional Medicine. Further efforts should focus on technical training, procedural standardization, and interventional clinical studies to promote broader community implementation.

EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS FOR AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS USING A MULTIDISCIPLINARY MODEL AT DANANG REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary intervention model in the treatment of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at Da Nang City Rehabilitation Hospital.

Methods: This non-controlled clinical intervention study used a pre–post design in 79 children aged 16 months to 5 years diagnosed with ASD according to DSM-5 criteria. The interventions included speech therapy, occupational therapy, clinical psychology, physical therapy, special education, and family involvement, with a minimum of 20 hours per week for 6 months. Outcomes were assessed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) before and after intervention.

Results: After six months, 73.4% of participants achieved at least minimal clinical improvement. The proportion of children classified with severe ASD decreased from 22.8% to 3.8% (p < 0.05). The mean CARS score decreased from 33.9 ± 4.9 to 30.3 ± 3.0, and the mean ATEC score decreased from 84.2 to 60.0 (p < 0.05). All ATEC subscales improved, with the most significant changes in social functioning and language–communication.

Conclusion: The multidisciplinary intervention model produced significant improvements in behavior, language, and social functioning among children with ASD. This model represents a comprehensive, feasible, and context-appropriate approach for hospital-based rehabilitation.

THE SITUATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN THE ELDERLY IN VINH CITY, NGHE AN PROVINCE IN 2024

Le Manh Cuong, Nguyen Van Chuyen , Ta Quang Thanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the common cardiovascular disease status of the elderly in Vinh city, Nghe An province, in 2024.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study in the community. Research subjects are elderly individuals with cardiovascular diseases living in 5 communes of Vinh City, Nghe An Province, from 7/2024 to 12/2024.

Results: The rate of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly was 59%, in which hypertension was the most common cardiovascular disease, with the rate of 55,86%, followed by ischemic heart disease (19.57%), cerebrovascular disease (16.71%) and arrhythmia (9.71%); the rate of other cardiovascular diseases, such as, arterial and venous diseases, heart failure and cardiomyopathy, were 5.14%, 4.57% and 3.43%, respectively. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease differed significantly between educational and occupational groups. Specifically, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease was highest in the group of uneducated/illiterates (72.22%) and the group of self-employed older adults (71.54%).

Conclusion: The study has shown that it is necessary to strengthen health education communication, raise awareness of cardiovascular diseases, and improve access to health services in the elderly, especially in groups with low education and unstable occupations.

EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF PERIPHERALLY INSERTED CENTRAL CATHETER TECHNIQUE AND RELATED FACTORS IN NEONATES AT PHU THO PROVINCIAL OBSTETRICS AND PEDIATRICS HOSPITAL

Nguyen Duc Hau, Nguyen Thi Nga, Tuong Thu Huyen, Nguyen Trang Mo — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate the results of peripherally inserted central catheter technique and describe factors related to the results of insertion and maintenance of peripherally inserted central catheter in neonates at Phu Tho provincial Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital in 2025.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study analyzed over 120 cases of peripherally inserted central catheter in 116 neonates from January 2024 to September 2025.

Results: The majority of peripherally inserted central catheter placements were successful (96.7% after intervention). 80.8% of catheters were in the correct central position immediately after insertion. The average duration of catheter maintenance was 18.1-19.35 days. The rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection was significantly higher in neonates with lower gestational age (p = 0.026) and lower birth weight (p = 0.021). Non-central tip position increased the risk of infection by 3.9 times compared to central position (p = 0.017).

Conclusion: Peripherally inserted central catheter is a highly effective technique for long-term infusion in neonates. Low birth weight, low gestational age, and non-central catheter tip position are significant risk factors for complications, especially central line-associated bloodstream infection.

OBSTETRIC MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS DELIVERING AFTER 34 WEEKS AT NGHE AN OBSTETRICS AND PEDIATRICS HOSPITA

Phan Thi Huyen Thuong, Nguyen Thi Phuong Lam, Tang Xuan Hai, Do Tuan Dat — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluation of obstetric outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus who delivered after 34 weeks at Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study based on the medical records of 150 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus who delivered after 34 weeks at Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023.

Results: Most patients were older than 25 years, and 46% had a history of previous cesarean delivery. A total of 96.7% of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases were delivered by cesarean section, primarily due to a prior cesarean section (38.62%) and complications of GDM (macrosomia, abnormal fetal presentation or amniotic fluid abnormalities, etc.). The mean neonatal birth weight was 2770 g, and Apgar scores were favorable, ranging from 7 to 10 in more than 94% of cases. Respiratory distress and hypoglycemia were the two most common neonatal complications, accounting for 6% and 3.3%, respectively.

Conclusions: Cesarean delivery was the predominant mode of delivery among patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, accounting for 96.7% of cases. Most neonates had a birth weight around 2,500 g with favorable Apgar scores ranging from 7 to 10. The most common neonatal complications were respiratory distress and hypoglycemia.

OUTCOMES OF PRENATAL INTERVENTION FOR MONOCHORIONIC DIAMNIOTIC TWIN PREGNANCIES COMPLICATED BY TWIN REVERSED ARTERIAL PERFUSION (TRAP) SEQUENCE IN HA NOI OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY HOSPITAL

Phan Thi Huyen Thuong, Do Tuan Dat, Nguyen Thi Kieu Oanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To evaluate of prenatal management outcomes in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence in Ha Noi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.

Material and Methods: An interventional study combined with longitudinal follow-up was conducted on 15 patients with acardiac twin in TRAP sequence who underwent selective umbilical cord laser photocoagulation, delivered at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, and whose neonates were followed for at least six months postpartum from January 2020 to December 2021.

Results: The mean gestational age at intervention was 19.05 ± 3.36 weeks, and the mean operative time was 40.1 ± 9.0 minutes. The intraoperative complication rate was 0%; there were no complications within 24 hours postoperatively, and 26.67% of cases developed complications within 7 days after surgery.

Conclusion: The average gestational age at intervention was approximately 19 weeks, with an average operative time of 40 minutes. The intraoperative complication rate was low.

CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLANGITIS AT NGUYEN TRI PHUONG HOSPITAL

Huynh Thanh Long, Huynh Nhat Cao Nhan — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with acute calculous cholangitis at Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital

Methods: A descriptive case-series study was conducted, retrospectively reviewing the medical records of 133 patients with acute calculous cholangitis admitted and treated at the General Surgery Department from January 2023 to February 2025. Data were analyzed using Stata, presented as frequencies, percentages, medians, and interquartile ranges.

Results: The median age of the study group was 66 (53–77) years; females accounted for 63.9%. Common comorbidities included hypertension (44.4%) and diabetes mellitus (29.3%). Abdominal pain (96.2%), fever (60.9%), and jaundice (36.8%) were the main symptoms. The median WBC was 13.8 G/L, CRP was 36.7 mg/L, and total bilirubin was 43.2 µmol/L. On ultrasound, intrahepatic bile duct stones were present in 75.9%. Among positive cultures, E. coli was the most common bacterium (40.3%).

Conclusion: Patients with acute calculous cholangitis were mainly elderly females with comorbidities, presenting with typical clinical and paraclinical features of infection and biliary obstruction.

MESENTERIC VENOUS THROMBOSIS LEADING TO SMALL BOWEL NECROSIS IN A VIETNAMESE PATIENT WITH PROTEIN C DEFICIENCY: A CASE REPORT

Ngo Dinh Trung, Ho Nam — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a rare but life-threatening cause of acute abdominal
pain, particularly when associated with congenital protein C deficiency. We present a 65-year-old
Vietnamese man with acute epigastric and periumbilical pain and loose stools. Though initially
hemodynamically stable, he showed signs of peritonitis. Laboratory findings revealed
leukocytosis and elevated D-dimer. Contrast-enhanced CT confirmed complete thrombosis of the
superior mesenteric vein, partial portal vein thrombosis, and bowel wall edema. Protein C
activity was reduced to 50%. The patient underwent emergency laparotomy with resection of one
meter of necrotic bowel and creation of a double-barrel ileostomy. He received postoperative
anticoagulation with enoxaparin, later switched to apixaban. Discharged in stable condition on
postoperative day 14, he showed resolution of portal vein thrombosis at one-month follow-up.
This case underscores the importance of early imaging, recognition of inherited thrombophilia,
and timely surgical and anticoagulant therapy in managing MVT.

LOWER EXTREMITIES MUSCLE CONTRIBUTIONS TO HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ACCELERATION OF THE CENTER OF MASS DURING THE FIRST STANCE PHASE IN SPRINTING OF SOCCER PLAYER

Le Van Thiet, Le Thi Kim Phuong, Pham Thi Cam Hung, Masayoshi Kubo — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Sprinting is one of the most important activities in soccer that affects the outcome performance of players. The acceleration ability of the first stance phase was suggested to play a key role in sprinting performance of soccer players. The purpose of this study was to identify how lower limb muscles contributed to the acceleration of the center of mass (COM) and to determine primary muscles during the first stance phase of sprinting in soccer players to develop training program in minimizing injury risk or in strengthening key muscle groups enhancing the effectiveness of rehabilitation for athletes before return to competition.

Methods: Five female soccer players sprinted for 5 meters, at a Laboratory room. Vicon system and force plates were used to collect maker trajectories and ground reaction forces. The contribution of each muscle was calculated by an analysis tool in Opensim.

Results: Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles contributed the highest (24.6% and 25.3%, respectively) to the total forward acceleration of the whole body. Similarly, approximately 37% of the total upward acceleration of the COM was induced by the soleus, while 36.1% was induced by the gastrocnemius. Hip extensors induced nearly 22.2% of the total forward acceleration, while the quadriceps contributed around 10% of the total upward acceleration.

Conclusion: Gastrocnemius and Soleus play key roles in acceleration performance, and this muscle group should be highly focused on training and treatment for sprinting motion of soccer players. Similarly, Hamstrings and gluteus muscles are also considered to enhance acceleration performance.

ENDOSCOPIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GASTRIC LESIONS SUSPECTED OF EARLY GASTRIC CANCER AND PRECANCEROUS LESIONS

Nguyen Van De, Le Thi Thuy, Tong Duc Minh, Nguyen Hoang Trung — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of gastric lesions suspected of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with gastric lesions detected on endoscopy at 108 Military Central Hospital from 2020 to 2024. All patients underwent magnifying narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopy and chromoendoscopy. Lesions suspected of early gastric cancer according to Japanese endoscopic criteria were biopsied for histopathological diagnosis.

Results: Most lesions had a size ≤ 1 cm (51.0%). NBI endoscopy showed that 51% of lesions had no clear demarcation line; nearly half exhibited a homogeneous microsurface pattern and regular microvascular pattern. Thirty-five lesions suspected of early gastric cancer were biopsied; histopathology revealed early gastric cancer in 42.9%, high-grade dysplasia in 34.2%, low-grade dysplasia in 17.1%, and chronic inflammation in 5.8%. Among the 35 lesions suspected of early gastric cancer on endoscopy, 94.2% were confirmed as early gastric cancer or precancerous lesions on histopathology.

Conclusion: This study shows that early gastric cancer and precancerous gastric lesions present with diverse endoscopic appearances and histopathological patterns.

IN VIVO LIPID-LOWERING AND ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC EFFECTS OF SCORPION TURMERIC (CURCUMA RANGJUED) EXTRACT

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Dyslipidemia represents an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, contributing to high morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that improving lipid profiles can effectively prevent the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and associated CVD events. To explore alternatives to conventional lipid-lowering drugs, which often have adverse effects, this study evaluated the in vivo lipid-lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of Scorpion Turmeric (Curcuma rangjued) extract.

GERC7, a honey-based emulsion prepared from steam-distilled C. rangjued rhizome extract, was administered to mice with Poloxamer-407 (P-407)-induced endogenous dyslipidemia. GERC7 significantly reduced plasma lipid levels at all tested doses compared to the disease control group, with the optimal effect observed at the highest dose (7.2 mL/kg/day), reducing total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by 31% and 43%, respectively. The atherogenic index (AI), increased 4.9-fold in the disease control group compared to normal controls, but declined substantially in GERC7- and atorvastatin-treated groups. The lowest AI was observed at the 7.2 mL/kg dose, consistent with maximal lipid reduction.

These findings demonstrate dose-dependent lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic effects of GERC7, indicating its potential utility as a multi-target natural therapeutic option for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis management.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF NGHE BO CAP (CURCUMA RANGJUED) RHIZOME EXTRACT AND MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF ITS MAJOR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

"Nghe bo cap" is the local name for a plant characterized by yellow, scorpion-shaped rhizomes. Taxonomic identification classified this species as Curcuma rangjued (Hue et al., 2024), distributed primarily in mountainous regions of Dak Glong Commune, Dak Glong District, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. Traditional medicine practitioners have employed herbal preparations from this species to treat bronchitis, asthma, gastric disorders, and infections, attributing these applications to purported anti-inflammatory properties. However, no scientific evidence has substantiated these medicinal claims.

This study extracted essential oil from C. rangjued rhizomes and evaluated its inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and PGE-2) through in vitro assays. Molecular docking analysis investigated the mechanisms of action for key bioactive compounds identified in the essential oil and assessed potential anti-inflammatory activities.

The essential oil of C. rangjued (GEC) inhibited TNF-α expression at 11.38 μM (p < 0.05) and PGE-2 expression at 22.36 μM (p < 0.01). Molecular docking revealed that germacrone and curcumenol exhibited binding affinities toward PGE-2 of 0.96 μM and 0.2 μM, respectively, and toward TNF-α of 1.39 μM and 0.10 μM, respectively. These compounds formed stable interactions with TNF-α, consistent with the observed anti-inflammatory activity.

These findings suggest that C. rangjued rhizome possesses therapeutic potential for anti-inflammatory through the bioactive compounds germacrone and curcumenol. Further in vivo studies are warranted to validate these preliminary results and establish clinical applications.

THE KNOWLEDGE OF RESPIRATORY INFECTIOUS DISEASE PREVENTION AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AT THE VIETNAM UNIVERSITY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN 2025

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To assess the knowledge of respiratory infection prevention among medical students at the Vietnam University of Traditional Medicine in 2025.

Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 908 medical students from the 3rd to 6th academic years between May and October 2025 using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected and analyzed using Excel and SPSS version 22.0. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: Among 908 students, the mean knowledge score on respiratory infection prevention increased progressively across academic years: Medical students, Year 3 (MS3) 8.95 ± 1.37, MS4 9.03 ± 1.10, MS5 9.45 ± 1.17, and MS6 9.98 ± 1.19. There was a difference in the mean knowledge scores between General Medicine students (9.44 ± 1.32) and Traditional Medicine students (9.16 ± 1.22); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Medical students demonstrated fairly good to good levels of knowledge regarding respiratory infection prevention, which improved progressively with academic year.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED COGNITIVE DOMAINS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT.

Nguyen Thi Hong Luong, Hoang Anh Dao, Nguyen Thi Thanh — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: this study aims to This study aimed to examine selected cognitive characteristics in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Subjects and Methods: the study was conducted on 40 elderly patients diagnosed with MCI at the National Geriatric Hospital from July 2024 to April 2025. Evaluated parameters included: MMSE, verbal memory, visual memory, attention, language, visuaconstruction, executive dysfunction

Results: Delayed memory was the most impaired domain: 85% performed below normal on delayed word and figure recall, and 57.5% on delayed story recall. Immediate recall showed mild-to-moderate impairment, while recognition remained relatively preserved. Naming, simple attention, and basic executive tasks were largely intact. Strong correlations were observed among delayed memory tests (r = 0.53–0.75), whereas immediate and delayed recall correlated only moderately. Recognition measures correlated highly (r = 0.77).

Conclusion: Comprehensive memory assessment is valuable for distinguishing MCI from normal aging and identifying individuals at risk of progression to Alzheimer’s disease.

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH FRAILTY USING THE CLINICAL FRAILTY SCALE AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Pham Duy Quang — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Frailty is a prevalent geriatric syndrome characterized by increased vulnerability and an elevated risk of poor health consequences, including decline in functional capacity, falls, hospitalization, and mortality. However, little is known about the conditions associated with frailty in the elderly, which remain understudied and poorly known in Vietnam, and early community-based detection is critical for managing the complex medical and psychosocial needs of the elderly.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of frailty and its associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in Ho Chi Minh City.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 317 older adults participated. Frailty was evaluated by utilising the CFS scale as a screening tool. This study was started in May 2025 and completed by November 2025.

Results: The overall prevalence of frailty was found to be 14.8%, using the CFS-VN version. Multimorbidity was present in 53.0% of participants, polypharmacy in 24.9%, and IADL disability in 13.9%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, multimorbidity (aOR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.32-7.69), polypharmacy (aOR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.39-6.25), and IADL disability (aOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.19-6.67) were independently associated with a higher likelihood of frailty. Older adults aged ≥ 80 years showed an elevated but non-significant increase in frailty risk (aOR = 2.19, 95% CI: 0.83-5.79). Gender, ethnicity, BMI category, marital status, and history of falls were not significantly associated with frailty after adjustment (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: In summary, multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and IADL impairment were the strongest independent correlates of frailty in this study. The CFS-VN proved to be a practical tool for initial frailty screening in community settings, particularly in urban areas of Vietnam.

HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AND ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC POTENTIAL OF CURCUMA RANGJUED RHIZOME EXTRACT VIA INHIBITION OF HMG-COA REDUCTASE

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase) is the key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway that governs cholesterol biosynthesis. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase effectively reduces hepatic cholesterol production. While synthetic statins are widely prescribed for hypercholesterolemia, their adverse effects highlight the need for natural, plant-derived HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Certain natural anti-inflammatory compounds, including polyphenols, flavonoids, and plant extracts, have been reported to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, thereby suppressing cholesterol biosynthesis (Chaudhary et al., 2023).

Curcuma rangjued, commonly known as Scorpion Turmeric (Hue et al., 2024), is traditionally recognized for its potent anti-inflammatory properties, yet it remains underexplored scientifically. Building on prior evidence that the n-hexane fraction of C. rangjued rhizomes exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity (Hue et al., 2024), we applied a green extraction method to isolate bioactive constituents from fresh rhizomes, designated as GERC7. The inhibitory potential of GERC7 against HMG-CoA reductase was evaluated following the protocol described by Cho et al. (2024).

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis revealed that GERC7 primarily contains curcumenol, germacrone, and isocurcumenol, all recognized as potent anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenes (Gushiken et al., 2022). GERC7 demonstrated significant inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 58.12 ± 2.14 µg/mL, showing a statistically significant difference compared to the inhibitor-free control (p < 0.05). These results suggest that C. rangjued represents a promising medicinal resource with potential to reduce endogenous cholesterol synthesis and, consequently, the risk of atherosclerosis. Further in vivo studies are warranted to confirm its therapeutic potential as an alternative approach for managing hypercholesterolemia and related cardiovascular diseases.

SEVERE PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF POST-VACCINATION REACTIONS IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS AT VIET NAM NATIONAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

Pham Ngoc Toan, Ton Thi Thuy, Nguyen Van Duong — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Post-vaccination reactions, caused by the body’s immune response to vaccines, range from mild to severe and may pose risks to children. This study sought to identify key predictive factors for severe post-vaccination reactions among children under five years old treated at the Vietnam National Pediatric Hospital.

Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 103 pediatric patients who experienced adverse reactions following vaccination between January 2019 and December 2021.

Results: Among the pediatric patients, 43.7% were female, and 42 children (40.8%) experienced severe reactions. A significant correlation was found between prior abnormal vaccine reactions and severe outcomes (OR = 2.525, 95% CI: 1.019–6.261; p = 0.042). Additionally, delayed access to the first healthcare facility (over one hour) significantly increased the risk of severe reactions (OR = 2.821, 95% CI: 1.074–7.405; p = 0.031).

Conclusion: Identifying these prognostic factors contributes to enhancing expanded immunization programs for children and preventing severe post-vaccination reactions, ultimately improving pediatric care and safety.

SURGICAL OUTCOMES OF PARANT II IMPACTED MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR REMOVAL USING A VERTICAL CORONECTOMY TECHNIQUE WITH A 45-DEGREE HANDPIECE

Nguyen Thi Huong Thao, Pham Thanh Hai, Nguyen Xuan Thuc — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of mandibular third molar (MTM) removal with Parant II impaction using the vertical tooth sectioning technique assisted by a 45° angled handpiece.

Methods: A prospective interventional clinical study was conducted on 95 patients treated at Bach Mai Hospital and Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, employing a pre- and post-intervention design without a control group.

Results: The mean surgical duration was 25.3 ± 7.1 minutes; patients over 25 years of age required significantly longer procedures (28.0 minutes) compared to those aged 16–25 years (23.0 minutes) (p = 0.01). Pain, swelling, and trismus peaked at 48 hours postoperatively and markedly subsided after 7 days. The complication rate was low, including infection (5.3%), postoperative bleeding (3.2%), and transient neurosensory disturbance (1.1%), despite 40% of the teeth being in proximity to the inferior alveolar canal. Overall outcomes were classified as Good in 67%, Fair in 24%, and Poor in 9% of cases. Predictors of poorer outcomes included age > 25 years (aOR = 1.9), history of pericoronitis (aOR = 2.4), impaction depth C (aOR = 3.8), and prolonged surgical duration (aOR = 1.25).

Conclusion: The vertical tooth sectioning technique using a 45° angled handpiece is a safe and effective approach for Parant II mandibular third molar extractions, providing good postoperative recovery and minimizing complications, particularly inferior alveolar nerve injury.

OVERVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL HERBS IN THE TREATMENT OF GASTRIC ULCER AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

Kieu Hoang Yen, Tran Thi Hong Ngai — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are common chronic gastrointestinal disorders that significantly impair the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. Although modern medical treatments, particularly proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), have demonstrated high efficacy, long-term use remains associated with concerns regarding adverse effects and drug resistance. In this context, Traditional Medicine, with its extensive pharmacopeia of medicinal herbs, offers a promising complementary and integrative therapeutic approach. This narrative review aims to provide an overview of the potential role of Vietnamese herbal medicines in the management of PUD and GERD. The herbal formula “Da Khoi Cot” is presented as a representative case study to illustrate the multi-target therapeutic principle of Traditional Medicine, combining agents with acid-neutralizing properties (Sepiae Os), mucosal protective effects (Ardisia silvestris leaves), anti-inflammatory activity (Oldenlandia diffusa), and gastrointestinal motility regulation (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Paeoniae Radix Alba). Preliminary evidence, primarily derived from preclinical studies (in vitro and animal models), has suggested these pharmacological activities. This review highlights the growing trend toward the development of standardized herbal preparations grounded in evidence-based medicine as a safe and effective adjunctive strategy in the comprehensive management of gastric disorders. However, it must be emphasized that current evidence is insufficient for these herbal therapies to replace standard modern medical treatments, particularly given the potential malignant transformation associated with PUD and GERD.

CURRENT PRACTICE OF CLOPIDOGREL USE IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 175

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To analyze the current practice of Clopidogrel use in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome at Military Hospital 175.

Subjects and methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 110 hospitalized patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome who received Clopidogrel therapy at the Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital 175, from January 2024 to November 2025.

Results: The study included 110 patients with acute coronary syndrome, predominantly male (77.3%), with a mean age of 65.2 ± 11.3 years. Dual antiplatelet therapy was predominantly used (96.4%), of which the combination of Aspirin and Clopidogrel accounted for the highest proportion (88.2%). The most commonly used loading-dose regimen was Aspirin 300 mg combined with Clopidogrel 300 mg (83.0%). The mean platelet aggregation after 6 days of maintenance-dose Clopidogrel was 42.0 ± 14.4%, with no significant difference between patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (42.6 ± 14.8%) and those with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (41.1 ± 13.9%) (p > 0.05). The overall rate of Clopidogrel resistance was 29.1%, which was comparable between the two clinical subgroups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Clopidogrel is widely used in the management of acute coronary syndrome at Military Hospital 175, primarily as part of dual antiplatelet therapy. The degree of platelet inhibition and the rate of Clopidogrel resistance did not differ significantly among clinical presentations of acute coronary syndrome.

PREVALENCE AND RELATED FACTORS OF EATING DISORDERS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN HANOI, VIETNAM

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: This study aimed to use the Eating Attitudes Test-26 to determine the prevalence of eating-disorder risk and its associated factors among students at Nguyen Thi Minh Khai High School, Hanoi, in 2025.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified random sampling method among high school students in Hanoi. Eating-disorder risk was assessed using the EAT-26 questionnaire.

Results: The prevalence of students at risk of eating disorders was 13.4%. Several lifestyle-related factors were significantly associated with eating-disorder risk, including not regularly communicating with family (OR = 1.9; p < 0.05); Using the Internet at night for ≥ 2 hours/day (OR = 2.2; p < 0.05); Self-perceiving as overweight or obese (OR = 3.1; p < 0,01). In addition, BMI-for-age also showed a significant association. Students classified as overweight/obese had a higher risk compared with those with normal BMI (OR = 2.5; p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Eating disorders are an important health issue among high school students and are associated with various psychosocial and nutritional factors. The findings highlight the need for early screening, psychological counseling, and school–family–based interventions to support healthy behaviors and protect adolescent well-being.

PERCEPTIONS AND EDUCATIONAL NEEDS REGARDING GLOBAL HEALTH AMONG VIETNAMESE HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: In the 21st century, Global Health (GH) has transitioned from a peripheral topic to a core component of medical education. However, in developing nations like Vietnam, the integration of GH curricula remains limited, and there is a paucity of data regarding students' specific educational needs. This study explored the qualitative definitions of GH among Vietnamese health science students and their expectations for future curriculum development.

Materials and Methods: A qualitative survey study utilizing open-ended questionnaires was conducted at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City from June to July 2025. This article analyzes textual responses from a sample of 532 undergraduate students across six faculties. Data regarding students' definitions of GH and recommendations for education were analyzed using Inductive Content Analysis to identify significant themes.

Results: The analysis identified two primary themes. First, student conceptualizations of GH were predominantly disease-centric, reflecting a pandemic legacy, although a humanistic and ethical perspective also emerged. Second, there was a strong demand for pragmatic educational transformation, with specific requests to integrate GH into Case-Based Learning and utilize social media as an educational tool.

Conclusion: Vietnamese health science students possess diverse but fragmented conceptualizations of GH, often conflating the field with disease control. Consequently, there is a critical need for a practical integration model in health professions education that shifts the focus from theory to clinical application and leverages digital platforms to meet learner expectations.

OVERVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL INGREDIENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS

Mai Nguyen Thi Thi, Pham Thuy Phuong — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Chronic hepatitis (CH) is a pathology caused by diverse etiologies and can progress to severe complications, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also a major contributor to the global burden of disease and mortality, exerting a significant negative impact on the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. Over recent decades, this disease has received increasing scientific attention. Although conventional medicine has developed various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, the currently available treatments still have certain limitations in efficacy associated with adverse effects. In this context, traditional medicine - with a rich diversity of herbal resources and a long-standing tradition - offers a promising therapeutic approach. A Vietnamese herbal formulation, "Misocholic tab", serves as a case study exemplifying the multi-targeted and synergistic principles of traditional medicine. This formulation contains multiple components with complementary pharmacological actions: Anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and choleretic effects (Extractum Fel Suillum, Extractum Cynarae Succus); antibacterial properties (Bulbus Allii Sativi) and antioxidant activity (Extractum Cynarae Succus, Bulbus Allii Sativi). This article emphasizes the growing trend toward developing standardized, evidence-based traditional medicinal formulations, which are considered a safe and effective approach to support the comprehensive management of liver diseases.

PREVALENCE OF STRESS, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN MEDICAL STUDENTS: A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS

Pham Tuong Van — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Depression constitutes a significant public-health burden worldwide, particularly among university students.
Objective: This study aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among medical and pharmaceutical students in Vietnam and to identify associated factors through a literature review.
Methods: A total of 11 studies published up to July 2022 were retrieved from Google Scholar. The reviewed studies employed validated instruments, including the PHQ-9, DASS-21, and CES-D scales, to assess stress, anxiety, and depression either independently or in combination. The internal consistency and reliability of these instruments were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients.
Results: The findings demonstrated wide variability in prevalence estimates, largely attributable to differences in measurement scales and study designs.
Conclusion: The use of at least two standardized measurement instruments is recommended to enhance diagnostic accuracy and facilitate comparison across studies.

ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANTERIOR INFERIOR TIBIOFIBULAR LIGAMENT AND THE POSTERIOR INFERIOR TIBIOFIBULAR LIGAMENT IN ADULT VIETNAMESE CADAVERS

Nguyen Thi Binh, Le Quang Tuyen, Nguyen Van Lam — T6, 29 Thg 5 2026 00:00:00 +0000

1.Purpose: This study aimed to describe the morphology, dimensions, and footprint sites of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) and the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL) in adult Vietnamese cadavers.

2.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 50 ankle joints from 25 adult Vietnamese formalin-fixed cadavers. Standardized dissection techniques were used to identify ligament morphology, number of bands, dimensions, and footprint areas of the AITFL and the PITFL on the tibia and fibula. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 15.0.

3.Results: The AITFL was classified into three types (one, two and three band configurations), with the single band type being the most prevalent, whereas the superficial the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (sPITFL) was observed only as one or two band structures. The mean length, width, and thickness of the AITFL were 17.2 ± 4.4 mm, 13.9 ± 4.3 mm, and 2.1 ± 0.9 mm, respectively with mean footprint areas of 79.3 ± 26.2 mm² on the fibula and 78.5 ± 41.1 mm² on the tibia. The PITFL comprises a superficial band that is wider and thinner, and a deep band that is narrower, thicker, and longer; the footprint area of the superficial band is larger than that of the deep band on both the tibia and the fibula.

4.Conclusion: The AITFL and the PITFL in adult Vietnamese individuals exhibit morphological features and footprint locations consistent with those reported in international studies; however, certain differences are present in band architecture and footprint areas.

ASSESSING THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN CHU SE DISTRICT, GIA LAI PROVINCE, VIETNAM: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

T6, 29 Thg 5 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Undernutrition and obesity are prevalent nutritional issues among adolescents. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and associated factors among secondary school students in Chu Se district, Gia Lai province. Participants were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Data collection included using a structured questionnaire based on the Global School-based Student Health Survey and Physical Activity Ǫuestionnaire for Older Children questionnaire, and students' height and weight were measured directly using a tape measure and a digital scale. Undernutrition and obesity were determined using the WHO AnthroPlus software. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to explore associations, with statistical significance set at p<.05. A total of 404 students were included in the study, with the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and overweight/obesity being 2.9%, 8.6%, and 19.6%, respectively. Gender (p<.001), age, and sleep duration were significantly associated with overweight/obesity (p<.05). Although the rate of stunting among students is low, the prevalence of wasting and overweight/obesity is significantly high. These findings highlight the importance of promoting school-based and family-centered interventions to improve students' nutritional status.

OUTCOMES OF INTRAUTERINE TRANSFUSION FOR FETAL ANEMIA: A CASE SERIES AT HANOI OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY HOSPITAL

Phan Thi Huyen Thuong, Vu Thi Kim Ngan — T6, 29 Thg 5 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the outcomes of intrauterine transfusion for fetal anemia at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.

Materials and Methods: A prospective case series study was conducted on 05 fetuses diagnosed with severe anemia indicated for ultrasound-guided intrauterine transfusion (IUT) at the Fetal Intervention Center, Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.

Results: The mean gestational age at the time of intervention was 29.05 ± 2.43 weeks. The study recorded that 100% of cases achieved target hemoglobin (Hb) levels after a single transfusion. The mean Middle Cerebral Artery Peak Systolic Velocity (MCA-PSV) decreased from 1.91 ± 0.14 MoM pre-intervention to 1.43 ± 0.08 MoM post-intervention. Following the procedure, 4/5 fetuses achieved prolonged survival. The mean gestational age at birth was 29 weeks 6 days ± 23.8 days. The mean 1-minute Apgar score was 5.8 ± 3.35. Poor prognostic factors included: early gestational age at transfusion, fetal hydrops, low pre-transfusion hemoglobin, high MCA-PSV, and the occurrence of procedure-related complications.

Conclusion: Intrauterine transfusion is an effective treatment that provides immediate improvement in fetal hematological and hemodynamic status, offering an opportunity to prolong the pregnancy. The results confirm the feasibility of this technique at a tertiary specialized facility while emphasizing the role of early detection and timely intervention before the progression to severe fetal hydrops.

THE STATUS OF INFECTIONS AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AT TRA VINH GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2025

Nguyen Thi Kieu Tien, Nguyen Nhu Y, Kha Dac Luong — T6, 29 Thg 5 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe the status of infections and clinical characteristics of patients with urinary tract infections (UITs) at Tra Vinh General Hospital.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used, examining the medical records of 132 patients diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Bacterial strains were identified and phenotyped using the Vitek 2 system. Results were recorded in the medical records.

Results: The female to male ratio of UTIs was 1.69:1; the most common age group is over 60 years old. The most common causative agents are Gram negative bacteria, with E. coli accounting for 51.61% and K. pneumoniae for 16.12%. Common comorbidities include hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Clinical symptoms include fever in 25.76%, no fever 74.24% of cases; urinary tract symptoms: frequent urination (48.48%), difficulty urinating (12.12%), painful urination (11.36%), urinary retention and hematuria (9.09%), cloudy urine (5.3%), and other urinary symptoms (6.06%).

Conclusion: Prioritizing urine culture and bacterial identification before prescribing antibiotics is essential to accurately determine the causative agent and ensure effective treatment.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES REGARDING ANALGESIC DRUG USE IN OUTPATIENTS IN TRA VINH UNIVERSITY, VINH LONG PROVINCE: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Tao Gia Phu, Tran Thi Tuyet Nga — T6, 29 Thg 5 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal disorders are common causes of long-term pain and impaired quality of life. Analgesic drugs are frequently used in outpatient settings, and safe use requires adequate knowledge, attitudes, and practices.

Objective: To describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding analgesic drug use among outpatients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 355 outpatients at Tra Vinh University Hospital, Vinh Long Province, Vietnam, in 2024. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a structured knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to analyze the data.

Results: The majority of participants were female. Moderate and severe pain accounted for 51.5% and 31.9%, respectively. Good knowledge, positive attitudes and good practices were observed in 34.1%, 88.0% and 56.3% of participants. Knowledge was higher for dosing and administration, whereas safety related knowledge regarding hepatic, renal and cardiovascular adverse effects was limited. Most participants obtained analgesics from healthcare facilities, though some reported self purchasing and discontinuing medications once symptoms improved.

Conclusion: Participants exhibited positive attitudes and acceptable practices toward analgesic drug use; however, safety related knowledge was insufficient. Enhancing patient counseling and health education may improve safe and rational analgesic use in outpatient settings.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND BODY MASS INDEX CLASSIFICATION AMONG FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS AT VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI

Tran Van Thien, Nguyen Phuong Mai, Trinh Xuan Duc, Ngo The Ngoc, Nguyen Huu Nam — T6, 29 Thg 5 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To describe anthropometric characteristics and BMI classification among first-year students at Vietnam National University, Hanoi and to compare BMI classification according to age group, sex, and school affiliation.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using routine health examination data collected from first-year students at the beginning of the academic year. Height and weight were measured by healthcare staff, and BMI was calculated and classified according to Asian BMI criteria. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.

Results: A total of 16,320 students were included in the study. The mean BMI was 21.03 ± 3.48 kg/m². Normal BMI accounted for 52.4% of students, while 23.4% were underweight, 11.8% were overweight, and 12.4% were obese. Significant differences in BMI classification were observed according to sex, age group, and school affiliation (all p < 0.05). Male students had higher proportions of overweight and obesity, whereas female students showed higher proportions of underweight.

Conclusion: Both undernutrition and excess body weight were common among first-year university students. Nutritional status differed significantly according to demographic and academic characteristics, highlighting the importance of early health screening and nutrition promotion programs for university students.

DISTRIBUTION OF COVID-19 IN VIETNAM: THE LESSONS LEARNED FROM COVAX PROGRAM

Phung Van Dung, Duong Minh Duc — T3, 02 Thg 6 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: COVAX is a key part of the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator, significantly contributing to Vietnam's COVID-19 vaccination coverage during the pandemic peak in 2021-2022. This study analyzes COVAX's impact and offers recommendations for improvement.

Methods: Data were collected through online interviews and document reviews in August-September 2022, involving 15 key informants from major stakeholders in Vietnam's COVID-19 vaccination program.

Results: COVAX supplied vaccines to approximately 35% of Vietnam's population, but the country was excluded from discussions on program design and distribution strategies. This oversight led to ineffective planning for vaccine distribution.

Conclusion: Vietnam needs to proactively prepare and streamline the administrative processes for vaccine approval and distribution in future pandemics.