Tạp chí Y học Cộng đồng

1. COMBINATION OF TRADITIONAL CO2 LASER AND PULSE DOSES ITRACONAZOLE IN PRIMARY TOTAL DYSTROPHIC ONYCHOMYCOSIS (TDO) TREATMENT: A CASE REPORT

Ngo Minh Thao — 2024-12-12

Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail diseases. Treatment of onychomycosis, mainly moderate to severe, can be very challenging, expensive and time consuming. Compared with topical and oral therapies, laser treatment offers a more promising modality for the treatment of severe or resistant cases. To enhance the effect, the combination of oral itraconazole pulse doses with mechanical removal of the affected part of the nail plate by using ablative CO2 laser are investigated. Here, we report a total dystrophic onychomycosis case successfully treated with traditional CO 2 laser and pulse doses itraconazole. This suggests the potential of conventional ablative CO 2 laser in the treatment of severe onychomycosis.

2. PERCEPTIONS AND USE OF POD-BASED E-CIGARETTES: A SCOPING REVIEW

Cao Thi Ngoc Anh — 2024-12-12

Objectives: This scoping review aims to synthesize the use and perceptions of pod-based electronic cigarettes worldwide.

Methods: We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science in July 2024. The search strategy included keywords related to "pod-based electronic cigarettes," "use," and "perception." We selected observational studies reporting the prevalence of pod-based electronic cigarette usage and perceptions regarding pod-based electronic cigarettes.

Results: From 2,269 articles found in the databases, we selected 14 articles for our final review, including 12 studies focusing on the prevalence of pod-based electronic cigarette usage and seven studies examining perceptions related to these devices. The prevalence of ever using pod-based electronic cigarettes varied significantly, ranging from 5.9% to 29.2%. In contrast, the current usage rate was lower, falling between 1.6% and 23.2%. Additionally, the perception of the harms associated with pod-based electronic cigarettes encompassed a wide range, with figures between 53.8% and 91.3%. Meanwhile, the perception of their addictiveness varied from 32.7% to 91.5%.

Conclusion: The prevalence of pod-based electronic cigarette use was relatively high, with youth showing a greater tendency to use pod-style electronic cigarettes compared to young adults. Additionally, studies focusing on electronic cigarette users revealed lower perceptions of the harmful effects and the addictiveness of pod-based electronic cigarettes compared to studies conducted on the general population.

3. STUDY OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH POLYPS AND COLORECTAL CANCER

Ho Van Son — 2024-12-12

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of age, sex; histopathology; some paraclinical features and to evaluate the concentration of Prostaglandin E2 in two groups of patients with polyps and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 308 patients: including 149 CRC patients and 109 patients with colorectal polyps diagnosed by cytology or histopathology, 50 healthy individuals; who were examined and treated at Military Hospital 175.

Results: The mean age in the CRC group was 59,64 ± 11,66; in the colorectal polyps group was 58,45±9,65; in the healthy group was 57,32±8,17; there was no difference in age between the study groups. The incidence is higher in men than in women, and this difference is statistically significant (p=0,0061). Adenocarcinoma is dominant in CRC patients (77,85%); for polyps, adenomas are dominant (83,49%). The mean PGE2 concentration in CRC patients was 7,86±2,8 pg/ml; in polyp patients was 5,29±1,3 pg/ml; in healthy people it was 2,78±0,5 pg/ml.

Conclusions: There was no difference in the concentration of PGE2 in the polyp and CRC groups (p>0,05). However, there was a significant difference in PGE2 levels in the two groups of cancer and colorectal polyps compared to healthy individuals (p< 0,05 (0,0021)).

4. THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR: A SCOPING REVIEW

Hoang Thi Ngoc Anh — 2024-12-12

Objective: This study aimed to review and summarize the existing evidence on the nutritional status of patients with beta thalassemia major.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Medline database via PubMed. Seven studies from six countries, involving 836 participants, met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted on anthropometric measurements, body composition, laboratory indicators, and dietary intake.

Results: The findings indicated a high prevalence of malnutrition, particularly among children with beta thalassemia major. Anthropometric data showed significantly lower weight, height, and body mass index compared to healthy individuals. Body composition analysis revealed lower fat percentages and higher muscle mass in children, while adults exhibited decreased lean mass and increased fat mass, with 64.2% classified as obese with sarcopenia. Laboratory results showed deficiencies in serum vitamin D and cholesterol, though calcium and phosphorus levels remained normal. Dietary intake assessments revealed inadequate energy and nutrient intake, particularly for macronutrients and key micronutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, and zinc.

Conclusion: Patients with beta-thalassemia major are at high risk of malnutrition, which is associated with both disease and treatment factors. Routine nutritional assessments and tailored interventions are critical for improving the nutritional status and overall health outcomes of this vulnerable population.

5. A SCOPING REVIEW: COMPARISON OF COAGULATION PARAMETERS RESULTS IN DECEASED AND RECOVERED COVID-19 PATIENTS

Dinh Thi Thu Trang — 2024-12-12

Objective: Compare coagulation markers between deceased and recovered COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A search of PubMed was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles published between January 1, 2022, and April 1, 2024. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data extraction focused on coagulation parameters, including platelet count, fibrinogen (Fib), D-Dimer, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) across six selected studies involving a total of 7,052 patients.

Results: The findings indicated that recovered patients had significantly higher platelet counts compared to deceased patients (p < 0.05). D-Dimer and Fib levels were lower in recovered patients, while PT results were significantly prolonged in deceased individuals (p < 0.05). APTT results showed variability, with some studies reporting higher levels in deceased patients, while others indicated longer APTT in recovered patients, remaining within normal ranges.

Conclusion: Coagulation markers exhibit significant differences between deceased and recovered COVID-19 patients, suggesting their potential utility in predicting disease severity and guiding clinical management.

6. TAXONOMIC IDENTIFICATION OF AN ADDITIONAL SPECIES, CURCUMA RANGJUED, IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF VIETNAM AND EVALUATION OF ITS INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES AGAINST CANCER CELL LINES

Phung Thi Kim Hue — 2024-12-12

Curcuma L. is a large genus in the Zingiberaceae, many species have been used as spices, medicines, dyes, some plants are grown as ornamentals. Curcuma rangjued has been grown for many years in the Central Highlands provinces of Vietnam. Traditional medicine products from Curcuma rangjued are used to treat common diseases, such as respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, asthma, stomachache, skin inflammation. However, the plant is only locally known as scorpion turmeric, based on the shape of the rhizome of this plant, without a scientific name. It is unlike any turmeric species found in China, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam with the following characteristics: inflorescences growing between leaf sheaths; abaxially green, usually with red patches on along side of midvein, fertile bract pale green; coma bract pale red, white towards basal. Notably, the rhizome has an intensely bitter taste.

In this study, we identified and taxonomically described a new species of turmeric, Curcuma rangjued, contributing to the taxonomic diversity of Vietnam. Furthermore, pharmacological investigations revealed that the rhizome extract of C. rangjued exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the proliferation of four human cancer cell lines: A549 (lung carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), HT-29 (colorectal carcinoma), and SNU-1 (gastric carcinoma).

7. EVALUATION OF INPATIENT OBSTETRIC SERVICE QUALITY AT THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY, PHUONG DONG GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2024

Truong Van Tam — 2024-12-12

Objective: Describe the perceptions of inpatients about the quality of services at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Phuong Dong General Hospital in 2024.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study, employing both qualitative and quantitative methods, was conducted on 223 obstetric inpatients from March 2024 to September 2024.

Results: 91.0% of the inpatients evaluated the service quality as satisfactory. The satisfaction rates for specific aspects were as follows: 96.0% for reliability, 96.9% for responsiveness, 99.1% for assurance, 95.5% for empathy, and 97.3% for tangibility.

Conclusion: The high level of satisfaction with obstetric service quality suggests that further efforts are needed to enhance and sustain the quality of services in the future.

8. INSOMNIA AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG THE ELDERLY LIVED IN TAN VINH COMMUNE, LUONG SON DISTRICT, HOA BINH PROVINCE, 2024

Tran Thi Hai Anh — 2024-12-12

Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of insomnia and its associated factors among the elderly in Tan Vinh, Luong Son District, Hoa Binh Province, in 2024.

Subject Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted in 255 elderly lives in Tan Vinh, Luong Son District, Hoa Binh Province from March to August 2024. Insomnia Severity Index was used to collect the data.

Results: 77.3% of participants reported insomnia; among them, 11.6% were classified as severe insomnia. Individuals who were unmarried, divorced, or widowed were found to be 2.9 times more likely to experience insomnia compared to married participants. Additionally, those who consumed stimulants late in the evening faced a staggering 12.1-fold increased risk of insomnia. Furthermore, elderly individuals who napped for more than 30 minutes had a 3.9 times higher likelihood of insomnia compared to those who napped for less than 30 minutes.

Conclusion: The study indicated a high prevalence of insomnia among participants that highlight the needs for interventions to improve sleep quality among participants.

9. EFFECTS OF GLYCEMIC REGULATION AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION OF SCORPION TURMERIC (CURCUMA RANGJUED) IN CENTRAL HIGHLANDS, VIETNAM

Phung Thi Kim Hue — 2024-12-12

Scorpion turmeric has been traditionally grown in the Central Highlands provinces of Vietnam. Prepared medicinal products from this species (Curcuma rangjued) are currently used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses including bronchitis, asthma, gastritis, and typically used as an antiseptic. Despite its popular use, scientific studies into its pharmacological properties remain limited. Chemical analysis has revealed the presence of many valuable bioactive ingredients such as D-limonene, β-pinene, and caryophyllene, which exhibit high pharmaceutical potential due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities (Athanasaki et al., 2022). Therefore, exploiting the medicinal resource from the scorpion turmeric plant will bring various benefits to community health care.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the glycemic regulation and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of the scorpion turmeric’s rhizome extracts.

Methods: Blood glucose levels were measured using the method described by Sivalingam (2013), while AChE inhibitory activity was determined according to the method of Ellman et al. (1961).

Results: The results have shown that scorpion turmeric’s rhizome extracts which contain D-limonene, β-pinene and caryophyllene, demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, they exhibited both in vitro and in vivo glycemic regulatory effects and inhibited AChE activity in vitro.

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that C. rangjued possess considerable therapeutic potential for the management of diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the scorpion turmeric plant should be given more attention and developed to preserve this valuable medicinal resource.

10. EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY FOR THE COMBINATION USE OF ORAL AND TOPICAL TRANEXAMIC ACID IN THE TREATMENT OF MELASMA AT HO CHI MINH CITY DERMATOLOGY HOSPITAL

Tang Kha Tu — 2024-12-12

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral and topical tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma.

Subjects and methods: A descriptive study of a series of cases with longitudinal follow-up was conducted on 28 female patients with melasma at the Ho Chi Minh City Dermatology Hospital from April 2024 to August 2024.

Results: The study subjects had an average age of 47.46 ± 8.23 (34 - 63) years old, 78.57% had a family history of melasma. The assessment of melasma improvement according to the PGA scale showed that 100% of patients had melasma improvement of over 25% (50.00% had good improvement of 51-75%). MASI index had a significant improvement after treatment compared to before treatment with statistical significance with p<0.001. All patients were satisfied after treatment with 57.14% of patients being very satisfied, 92.86% having no side effects.

Conclusion: Oral and topical tranexamic acid is an effective and safe method for treating melasma.

11. THE STATUS OF SOCIAL WORK ACTIVITIES AT SOME HOSPITALS IN HANOI 2024

Pham Tuong Van — 2024-12-12

Objectives: Describe the status of social work activities at some hospitals in Hanoi 2024.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on medical staff working at several hospitals in Hanoi. Data were collected through a toolkit developed based on Circular No. 43/2015/ TT-BYT dated November 26, 2015 of the Minister of Health, regulated the tasks and forms of organization of social work in hospitals.

Result: Health workers performed the most activities such as reception (63.6%), communication guidance (44.6%), and hospitalization (43.8%), while home treatment consultation had the lowest rate (22.3%). Service connection was highest for diagnosis and financial support (47.1%), while emergency support had the lowest rate (13.2%). Popular activities included support for discharge procedures (43.8%) and follow-up visits (43%), while the reception rate was lowest (23.1%). At the three hospitals National Cancer, Bach Mai, and National Children's Hospital, the rate of staff who had participated in social work training programs was 39.7%, while 60.3% had not participated. In addition, 64.5% of staff wanted to continue further education, and 35.5% had no need for further education.

Conclusion: Medical facilities need to strengthen the organization of intensive and long-term training programs, with special attention to monitoring and counseling for patients after discharge to improve the quality of care. At the same time, it is necessary to add social work graduates to departments and rooms and develop a post-discharge support system to improve the effectiveness of social work in hospitals.

12. KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS MENSTRUATION AMONG VIETNAMESE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Nguyen Chau Anh — 2024-12-12

Objectives: Investigate knowledge and practices of female university students in Vietnam regarding menstrual health and menstrual care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study through a self-administered questionnaire of 341 students.

Results: Students' knowledge and practices about menstruation are relatively high, passing knowledge rate is 66.3%; practicing reached 78.55%.

Conclusion: It is necessary to further strengthen communication and menstruation, and broader, reproductive health education for students, especially focusing on promoting propaganda for both female and male students to help them raise awareness and have the right mindset, practice and offer support about menstrual care.

13. KNOWLEDGE OF NURSING STUDENTS REGARDING ANAPHYLAXIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Phung Thanh Phong — 2024-12-12

Background: Anaphylaxis is a rapidly occurring allergic reaction that is recognition of the early life-threatening signs if not treated promptly. However, little is known about the level of knowledge of nursing students caring for patients with this condition in hospitals. Nursing research synthesizes the evidence to improve their knowledge and provide a reference for optimizing teaching methodologies used to implement undergraduate teaching in nursing curricula.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the knowledge of anaphylaxis and related factors of nursing students at Nguyen Tat Thanh University in Ho Chi Minh City.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 407 nursing students participated. Data collection was started in December 2023 and completed by March 2024.

Results: Among the nursing students, 40.3% of them experienced a good level of knowledge regarding anaphylaxis, while 59.7% were at a poor level. The Chi-square test shows that there is a relationship between the current academic year (p < 0.05) and students’ knowledge of managing anaphylaxis. In addition, the number of patients in nursing care per day was a predictor of knowledge in nursing students (r=0.571, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: In summary, students have unsatisfactory knowledge regarding anaphylaxis. Specifically, there is still a knowledge gap that can positively affect practice. It is recommended that universities focus on nursing students’ knowledge of managing anaphylaxis and modify the curriculum to enhance their practices in this field.

14. OCCUPATIONAL STRESS OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS AND SOME ASSOCIATED FACTORS AT DONG DO HOSPITAL IN 2023

Tang Duc Cong Minh — 2024-12-12

Objective: Occupational stress among healthcare workers (HCWs) significantly impacts their health and the quality of healthcare services. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and identify factors associated with occupational stress among HCWs at Dong Do Hospital, Hanoi, in 2023.

Methodology: We utilized a cross-sectional study design with 245 HCWs participating through the administration of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ).

Results: The study found that 24% of HCWs experienced significant job stress, with notable variations across different departments. Factors significantly associated with higher levels of stress included high job demands, low job control, and inadequate support from colleagues. Notably, demographic factors such as age and gender did not show a significant relationship with occupational stress levels.

Conclusion and recommendation: Based on the findings, we recommend targeted interventions to improve job control, enhance workplace support, and manage job demands to mitigate stress among HCWs. This study contributes to the understanding of occupational stress in a hospital setting and suggests pathways for interventions to enhance worker well-being and healthcare efficiency.

15. STRESS AND COPING STRESS STRATEGIES AMONG 10TH GRADE ETHNIC BOARDING STUDENTS OF VIET BAC HIGHLAND HIGH SCHOOL FROM 2023 TO 2024

Nguyen Viet Chung — 2024-12-12

Objectives: Describe ways to cope with stress in 10th grade boarding ethnic students at Viet Bac Highlands High School from 2023 to 2024.

Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive research design using a set of survey questions on 262 10th grade students at Viet Bac Highlands High School for the 2023-2024 school year from February 2024 to the end of March 2024.

Results: The most frequently used Problem-Focused Coping (X̅ = 2.7 ± 0.91), followed by Emotion-Focused Coping (X̅ = 2.49 ± 0.99) and the least Avoidant Coping (X̅ = 2.23 ± 0.99). The most frequently used response is “Acceptance”, at least “Substance use”. Students having chronic disease tend to choose "Self-blame" and " Behavioral disengagement “. Meanwhile, students who do not have chronic disease tend to " Acceptance " and “Active coping” more when faced with stress.

Conclusions: Among the 3 forms of coping: Focusing on emotions, focusing on problems and abnormal coping methods (a total of 14 coping methods), "Problem focusing" is the most popular form. used most often. Considering a total of 14 coping methods: the "Accepting the problem" method is the most used. Students with chronic diseases: this subject uses 5 methods: "Religion", "Denial", "Stimulant use", "Lack of engagement behavior", "Self-blame". “self” more than students without chronic diseases and the difference is statistically significant.

16. KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF ANTIBIOTICS USE AND SOME RELATED FACTORS AMONG PEOPLE IN MINH LANG COMMUNE, VU THU DISTRICT, THAI BINH PROVINCE IN 2023

Vu Viet Trung — 2024-12-12

Objectives: To describe the knowledge and practice of people on antibiotics use and analyze some related factors to knowledge and practice of people on antibiotics use in Minh Lang commune, Vu Thu district, Thai Binh province in 2023

Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional study design with the study sample size of 366 people.

Results: Results indicated moderate knowledge prevalence (48.9%) and predominantly high-level antibiotic usage practices (67.5%). Factors influencing knowledge and practices included familial ties to healthcare, exposure to health education campaigns, and proximity to healthcare facilities. Targeted educational interventions are crucial for enhancing understanding and promoting responsible antibiotic usage practices, particularly in rural communities vulnerable to antibiotic resistance.

17. ANXIETY IN POST-CAESAREAN MOTHERS AT VINMEC TIMES CITY INTERNATIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2024 AND RELATED FACTORS

Vu Thi Lan Anh — 2024-12-12

Objectives: This study aims to describe the anxiety status of post-caesarean mothers at Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Hanoi, in 2024, and analyze related factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 302 post-caesarean mothers. Data were collected from February to April 2024 through interviews using a structured questionnaire that included demographic information and the DASS-21 scale to assess anxiety levels.

Results: The rate of anxiety among post-caesarean mothers was 27.2%, ranging from mild to very severe levels. Factors such as first-time childbirth, family pressure, sleep disorders, and the child’s health status showed significant associations with maternal anxiety levels.

Conclusion: Post-caesarean anxiety is an issue requiring attention and support within the hospital. Appropriate psychological interventions, especially for mothers facing social pressure or having children with health complications, are essential to safeguard maternal mental health and promote optimal child development.

18. SLEEP QUALITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS AGED 15-17 IN DA NANG, 2024: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Tran Danh Tien Thinh — 2024-12-12

Objective: (1) To determine the prevalence of sleep disorders among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years; (2) To analyze factors associated with sleep quality in adolescents aged 15 to 17 years.

Design, Setting, and Participants: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Among Adolescents aged 15-17 years old at Hoa Vang High School we collected 737 eligible participants for the study.

Main Outcome Measures: Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Associations between Sleep quality were evaluated with multivariable conditional logistic regression controlling for gender, exercise habits, sleep hygiene habits, pressure and expectations about academic performance (parental expectations, pressure for achievement, completing homework, extra classes).

Results: The sleep quality of adolescents aged 15-17 at Hòa Vang High School is alarmingly low, with PSQI scores averaging 5.5±3.3 for 10th-grade students (15 years old), 6.1±3.3 for 11th grade (16 years old), and 6.4±3.5 for 12th grade (17 years old). The findings show that 47.5% of students have poor sleep quality, with a trend of worsening sleep quality with age. Additionally, most study participants go to bed relatively late. Factors associated with poor sleep quality include being female, excessive phone use before bed, academic pressure, homework load, and hours spent on daily extra classes. Addressing this issue requires appropriate sleep education and awareness for both students and parents.

Conclusion: This study indicates an alarmingly low level of sleep quality among students at Hoa Vang High School, with a significant proportion experiencing poor sleep quality, and highlights several associated factors.

19. DISTRIBUTION OF GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS SEROTYPE III AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN HANOI

Nguyen Le Van — 2024-12-12

Objectives: We investigated the distribution of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) serotype III among pregnant women in Hanoi, and its association with other factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 876 pregnant women at a gestational age of 35–37 weeks in three hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam from October 2021 to May 2022. Vaginal-rectal samples were collected to screen GBS using culture and PCR methods. PCR techniques were also used to analyze the serotypes of GBS strains. The data were analyzed to determine the prevalence of serotype III and its relationship to other factors.

Results: Of the 171 GBS isolates, 40 strains (23.39%) were identified as serotype III, accounting for the highest prevalence. The age group of 30 to under 35 years had the largest number of serotype III infections. Pregnant women infected with serotype III (32.5%) had a slightly higher prevalence of genitourinary tract infections (GTIs) history than those infected with other serotypes (28.24%).

Conclusion: Serotype III is the predominant GBS serotype among GBS isolates from pregnant women in Hanoi. Further research is needed to explore the immune response mechanisms and the impact of serotype III on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

20. SURVEY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TONGUE CHARACTERISTICS AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE BODY CONSTITUTION TYPES IN STUDENTS

Tang Khanh Huy — 2024-12-12

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between tongue characteristics and Traditional Medicine body constitution types in healthy volunteers from the Faculty of Traditional Medicine (TM) in the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP).

Subjects and research methods: The cross-sectional study of 424 TM students at the UMP was conducted from January to April 2024. Primary outcome variables included body constitution (BC) types (via the Vietnamese version of the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire), and tongue characteristics (extracted by ZMT-1A machine). Chi-square tests were used to analyze relationships between BC types and tongue characteristics.

Results: Distribution analysis showed that the Neutral constitution was the most common (64.6%). BC types related with tongue body characteristics include color, size, fissures, and papillae (p <0.05); BC types also correlated with tongue coating characteristics include color, thickness, moisture, and dirty level (p<0.05). Specifically, Yin-deficiency, Qi-deficiency, and Dampness-heat constitutions showed pink to dark red body tongue. Yang-deficiency, Yindeficiency, Dampness-heat, and Blood-stasis displayed tongue fissures, while papillae only appeared in Dampness-heat. Dampness-heat showed a yellowish-white coating. Additionally, moist tongue coating was predominantly found in Yang-deficiency, Qi-deficiency, Dampness-heat, and Blood-stasis types.

Conclusions: Tongue diagnosis – including tongue body color, papillae, fissures, coating color, and moisture level – provides a rapid assessment of TM BC and thus indicates trends in disease development. This enables physicians to guide individuals in targeted lifestyle changes to improve their quality of life.

21. THE PREVALENCE OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN LOW AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Dao Anh Son — 2024-12-12

Objectives: to determine the prevalence of cervical cancer screening in low and middle-income countries.

Method: This literature review was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration guidance for literature reviews and reported following the PRISMA statement. We conducted searches of electronic bibliographic databases including Pubmed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Systematic Reviews and Cochrane CENTRAL.

Results: Our searches of the listed electronic databases generated 7,845 records. 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. The total sample size of female participants was 213,199. The definition of screening definitions were relatively similar among studies. Screening rates varied between studies (from 4% to 43%). The Pap smear test was the most common screening modality, next was Visual Inspection Acetic Acid (VIA). The overall prevalence of cervical cancer screening was still remarkably low 21.85% (95%CI: 20.56 - 22.32, I2 = 40%, p <0.001).

Conclusions: Despite global efforts to make screening approaches affordable and accessible, most women in low- and middle-income countries are not screened for cervical cancer.

22. SEXUAL PROBLEMS AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN ASIA AND AFRICA: A REVIEW

Nguyen Thi Thuy Hanh — 2024-12-12

The aim of this review was to explore the prevalence of sexual problems among older adults in Asia and Africa; and to analyze how difficult it was for them to seek help. Sexual problems are characterized by diminished or absent of sexual interests and by disturbances in the physiological or psychosocial patterns associated with sexual response cycle. Male sexual dysfunction (ED) and female sexual dysfunction increase with age. Studies show that about 33% of the elderly population has at least one complaint with their sexual functioning. Old people face shame and hesitancy when consulting health-care professionals for sexual problems due to the taboos surrounding sex, compounded by a lack of knowledge of older sexuality and ageism in healthcare. The General Practitioners (GP) on the other hand, tend to ignore older adult’s complaints due to lack of training, or just perceiving sexual problems is a norm at old age. However, GP should always give their clients’ opportunity to voice out their concerns with sexual function and offer them various health care regimen and alternatives for evaluation and treatments.

23. EFFICIENCY OF ABDOMINAL FLUID DRAINAGE COMBINED WITH CONTINUOUS HEMOFILTRATION FOR TREATMENT OF SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS AT NGHE AN FRIENDSHIP GENERAL HOSPITAL

Nguyen Duc Phuc — 2024-12-12

Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of abdominal fluid drainage combined with continuous hemofiltration to treat severe acute pancreatitis with increased abdominal pressure at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital.

Subjects: 14 patients diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis according to Atlanta 2012 criteria, with increased abdominal pressure and were treated with abdominal drainage combined with continuous dialysis at the Intensive Care Department - Friendship Hospital Nghe An General Hospital from January 2023 to September 2023.

Methods: Case series study.

Results: Grade I increased abdominal pressure: 14.3%; Grade II: 50%; grade II: 21.4%; Grade IV: 14.3%. Continuous dialysis time: Grade I intra-abdominal hypertension: 16.3 ± 2.83 hours; Grade II: 44.5 ± 16.5 hours; Grade III: 46.6 ± 18.7 hours; Grade IV: 82.5 ± 18.3 hours. Average amount of abdominal drainage fluid in the first 3 days: Grade I increased intra-abdominal pressure: 1221.5 ± 451.5 ml; grade II: 1912.12 ± 612.4 ml; grade III: 2978.21 ± 725.7 ml; Grade IV: 3571.21 ± 767.5 ml. The recovered group accounted for 64.3%, abdominal pressure decreased and returned to normal from day 4, average blood pressure tended to gradually increase and remained stable, creatinine decreased rapidly to near normal values after 1 day. week of treatment. Continuous dialysis time ranges from 1-7 days and the number of dialysis filters ranges from 1–8.

Conclusion: The cure rate of abdominal fluid drainage combined with continuous hemofiltration to treat severe acute pancreatitis with increased abdominal pressure is 64.3%; Abdominal pressure decreased rapidly, blood creatinine decreased and returned to normal, hemodynamics were stable in the recovery group.

24. CURRENT STATUS OF MENTAL HEALTH CARE AT COMMUNE HEALTH STATIONS IN BEN TRE PROVINCE, 2024

Cao Phuc — 2024-12-12

Background: The increasing prevalence of mental disorders has highlighted the urgent need to enhance the quality of community-based mental health care.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of community-based mental health services provided at commune health stations in Ben Tre province.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 157 commune health stations.

Results: The community-based mental health program at commune health stations in Ben Tre has achieved relatively high outcomes, particularly in terms of treatment efficacy and functional recovery of patients. However, the quality of mental health care services still has limitations, especially in screening, case management, and rehabilitation. Factors influencing the quality of care include the qualifications of healthcare providers, supervision, and resource availability.

Conclusion: To improve the quality of mental health care services, there is a need to enhance the capacity of healthcare workers, strengthen supervision, ensure adequate resources, and establish effective inter-sectoral coordination mechanisms.

25. CURRENT CAPACITY FOR IMPLEMENTING DIABETES PREVENTION ACTIVITIES AT HEALTH STATIONS AT COMMUNE HEALTH CENTERS OF HA NOI IN 2023

Bui Van Hao — 2024-12-12

Objective: To describe the current capacity for implementing diabetes prevention activities at commune health centers (CHCs) of Ha Noi in 2023.

Study design: Cross-sectional description.

Results: The rate of CHCs with health insurance for examination and treatment of diabetes is 43,52%. The proportion of doctors participating in diabetes diagnosis and treatment at health stations in the area is 17,70%. The percentage of health stations with less than 50% of essential consumable supplies is the highest, accounting for 98,45%. The percentage of health stations with less than 50% of essential medications is also high, at 84,28%. Health stations are not fully equipped with the necessary medications for treatment as stipulated by the Ministry of Health. The main medications provided at these stations are Metformin (34,89%) and Gliclazide (30,57%).

Conclusion: Diabetes prevention and management services at grassroots level have not been fully and widely deployed throughout the city. It’s strongly recommended to enhance the availability and readiness of diabetes management services and to invest the essential supplies and medication for diabetes screening, early detection and treatment at primary care, particularly for CHCs in the inner-city and suburban areas.

26. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPROVING CERVICAL SPINE RANGE OF MOTION USING LASER ACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH EXERCISE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS

Tran Dieu Hoang — 2024-12-12

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of improving cervical spine range of motion (ROM) using laser acupuncture combined with exercise therapy in patients with cervical spondylosis.

Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted on 30 patients diagnosed with cervical spondylosis (CS). All patients received laser acupuncture and exercise therapy for 4 weeks. The effectiveness was evaluated before and after treatment through cervical spine ROM.

Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, cervical spine ROM improved in all 6 movements. The overall cervical spine motion limitation score decreased by 8 points, from 12 points to 4 points (p < 0.05). The distribution of motion limitation levels changed, with moderate limitation dropping from 70% to 13.33%, severe restriction from 10% to 0%, and an increase in the number of patients with mild or no limitations to 60% and 26.67%, respectively.

Conclusion: The combination of laser acupuncture and exercise therapy in the treatment of cervical spondylosis effectively improves cervical spine ROM in patients.

27. EFFECTIVENESS OF TELEHEALTH INTERVENTION ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT LIEN CHIEU DISTRICT MEDICAL CENTER, DA NANG CITY IN 2023-2024: A NON-RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED INTERVENTION STUDY

Truong Van Dat — 2024-12-12

Objectives: Global health is witnessing a rapid growth in the number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and a key factor in the prevention and treatment of T2DM is the patient’s self-management and medication adherence. Telehealth is an innovative instrument to enhance the healthcare service. This study aims to examine the Telehealth's effect on patients with T2DM at Lien Chieu District Medical Center in Da Nang city.

Methods: A non-randomized controlled intervention study using telehealth to enhance outpatient treatment management of patients with T2DM was conducted. We used YouMed application as an telehealth application.

Results: The telehealth intervention at Lien Chieu District Medical Center in Da Nang city showed significant HbA1c decrease after 3 months and glucose decrease after 6 months, respectively dropping from 6.75% to 6.60% (p = 0.037) and from 8.31% to 7.61% (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Telehealth has been shown to be effective in improving glycemic parameters, suggesting the potential for broader application of this intervention method in the care of type 2 diabetes patients. In addition, the integration of many patient support features promises to increase the effectiveness of telehealth.

28. CURRENT STATUS OF PARTICIPATION IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY AT HO CHI MINH CITY

Nguyen Luu Ngoc Danh — 2024-12-12

Background: One of the most important activities at universities among students is scientific research, especially with the development of science and technology nowadays.

Objectives: To conduct a survey on the rate and readiness level to participate in scientific research activities of the students of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City and point out some related factors.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study on students of various majors at University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City in the 2024-2025 academic year. We conducted a survey through an online questionnaire.

Results: The study recorded 5.312 students taking the survey, showing that 31,08% of students “strongly agree” and 49,83% “agree” with the importance of scientific research activities among students. 90,05% of students had already known about scientific research activities, of which 22,2% of students had participated or were participating in a scientific research activity. Among the group of students who have known and have participated or are participating in scientific research activities, the most popular form of participation is "essays, topics for specialized subjects" with 23,10% of students participating, followed by “graduation thesis, Faculty-level research topics” accounting for 22,34%.

Conclusions: Students highly agree with the importance of scientific research (80,91%), over 90% of students know about scientific research activities, but only 22,2% of students have participated or are participating in a scientific research activity, this rate varies between faculties.

29. CLINICAL FEATURES AND DAILY ACTIVITY DEPENDENCE IN STROKE PATIENTS: A BARTHEL INDEX-BASED STUDY AT HA TINH REHABILITATION HOSPITAL IN 2024

Nguyen Thi Nhu Quy — 2024-12-12

Aims: Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, significantly affecting patients' ability to perform daily activities. In Vietnam, stroke survivors often face prolonged dependence on others for daily care. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and assess the level of dependence in daily activities among stroke patients at Ha Tinh Rehabilitation Hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 117 stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation at Ha Tinh Rehabilitation Hospital from March to September 2024. Patients were assessed using the Barthel Index, which measures independence in 10 basic activities of daily living. Data were collected through medical record reviews, patient observations, and interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, with chi-square tests for differences between proportions.

Results: The average Barthel Index score was 50.44 ± 32.42, indicating moderate dependence. Only 16.2% of patients were fully independent, while 49.6% were completely dependent. Factors such as age, educational level, social support, smoking, and clinical conditions like aphasia and dysphagia were significantly associated with levels of independence (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The majority of stroke patients at Ha Tinh Rehabilitation Hospital demonstrated a high level of dependence in daily activities. Interventions targeting social support, lifestyle changes, and early rehabilitation may enhance patient independence and improve outcomes.

30. SURVEY ON THE KNOWLEDGE OF HYPERTENSION ACCORDING TO TRADITIONAL MEDICINE COMBINED WITH MODERN MEDICINE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THUAN AN CITY, BINH DUONG PROVINCE

Nguyen Thi Huong Duong — 2024-12-12

Objective: To assess the knowledge of the population in Thuan An City, Binh Duong Province, regarding hypertension according to Traditional Medicine combined with Modern Medicine.

Subjects and research methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to survey the knowledge of 384 residents aged 18 and older living in Thuan An City, Binh Duong Province, who agreed to participate in the study.

Results: 82.1% of the total participants had a knowledge level of average or higher about hypertension according to Traditional Medicine combined with Modern Medicine, with 24% having a good knowledge level. Analysis of correlations identified several factors associated with the population’s knowledge of hypertension according to Traditional Medicine combined with Modern Medicine, including occupation and income. Specifically, the group engaged in intellectual labor had 2.52 times lower odds of having poor knowledge compared to other occupations (students, unemployed, retirees, etc.), and those with an average monthly income above 10 million VND had 2.66 times lower odds of having poor knowledge compared to those with a monthly income below 5 million VND.

Conclusion: The knowledge of the population in Thuan An City, Binh Duong Province, about hypertension according to Traditional Medicine combined with Modern Medicine is at an average level.

31. ACNE STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Nguyen Minh Anh — 2024-12-12

Aims: This study aims to assess the prevalence of acne and identify factors associated with its occurrence among students at Đại Nam University.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 508 students. Participants were surveyed on demographics, lifestyle habits, and family history of acne. Data were analyzed to determine the association between these factors and the prevalence of acne.

Results: The prevalence of acne among the participants was 49.8%, with a slightly higher prevalence in females (50.8%) compared to males (48.0%). Family history of acne was significantly associated with the likelihood of developing acne, with students having family members with acne being 48% more likely to have acne (AOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.33-0.71; p<0.001). Students who spent between 500,000 and 1,000,000 VND per month on skincare products had a 53% lower rate of acne compared to those who did not spend money on cosmetics (COR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.31-0.90, p<0.05). No significant associations were found between other personal characteristics or lifestyle habits and acne prevalence.

Conclusions: Acne is common among students at Dai Nam University, with family history and skincare spending being significant factors in its prevalence. Health education programs on skincare may help prevent acne and improve awareness among students. Further research is needed to explore the biological and environmental factors influencing acne in young adults.

32. EVALUATION OF CASES OF TREATING OVARIAN CYST RUPTURED BY LAPAROSCOPIC AT THANH NHAN HOSPITAL FROM 2018 TO 2023

Pham Thi Mai Anh — 2024-12-12

Objective: Evaluate treating ovarian cyst ruptured by laparoscopic.

Subject and methods: 26 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery to treat ruptured ovarian cyst at Thanh Nhan hospital from January 2019 to June 2023.

Results: The disease was common in the age group <35 years with 77%. Common clinical symptoms were abdominal pain, some severe cases showed hemorrhagic shock (34,6%), and menstrual disorders were uncommon. The most common injury is ruptured bleeding of the ovarian cyst (65,4%). The most common size was 2-3 cm (73,1%). In this study, 65% of cases had > 500 ml of blood in the abdomen, and Three of them had > 1000 ml. 100% of patients underwent ovary-conserving surgery. 92,3% had early surgery which was performed under 24 hours. 100% no complications in surgery.

Conclusion: Ovarian cyst rupture can cause hemorrhagic shock and should be diagnosed and treated early. The main treatment method is laparoscopic surgery to preserve the ovaries.

33. CURRENT STATUS OF CAPACITY TO IMPLEMENT HYPERTENSION PREVENTION ACTIVITIES AT HEALTH STATIONS AT COMMUNE HEALTH CENTERS OF HA NOI IN 2023

Nguyen Thi Hong Thuy — 2024-12-06

Objective: To describe the current capacity for implementing hypertension prevention activities at commune health centers (CHCs) of Ha Noi in 2023.

Study design: Cross-sectional study.

Results: The rate of CHCs with health insurance for examination and treatment of hypertension is 66.49%. The proportion of doctors participating in diabetes diagnosis and treatment at health stations in the area is 17.70%. The percentage of health stations with less than 50% of essential medications is also high, at 84.28%. Health stations are not fully equipped with the necessary medications for treatment as stipulated by the Ministry of Health. The main medications provided at these stations are Amlodipin (58.72%) and Enalapril (41.97%).

Conclusion: Hypertension management activities at the grassroots health level have not been fully and widely deployed in the city. It is necessary to add more human resources and fully prepare medicine for effective treatment management, especially CHCs in countryside and moutainous areas.

34. QUALITY OF LIFE IN STROKE PATIENTS WITH PARALYSIS AT HA TINH REHABILITATION HOSPITAL IN 2024

Nguyen Thi Dien — 2024-12-06

Background: Stroke is a major health concern globally due to its high mortality and long-term disability impacts, significantly affecting the quality of life of survivors. This study aims to assess the QoL of stroke patients with paralysis at Ha Tinh Rehabilitation Hospital in 2024, focusing on physical, functional, psychological, and social aspects.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from April to October 2024 at Ha Tinh Rehabilitation Hospital. Data were collected through interviews using the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life tool. A total of 103 stroke patients with paralysis were included in the study. Descriptive statistics and SPSS version 25.0 were used for data analysis.

Results: The average quality of life score of the patients was 114.83, indicating a moderate level of quality of life. The majority of patients (59.2%) had moderate quality of life, 37.9% had poor quality of life, and only 2.9% reported good quality of life. Physical and functional health scores were relatively low, especially in energy and work/productivity domains, while psychological and social factors also presented challenges.

Conclusion: The study highlights that most stroke patients with paralysis experience moderate to poor quality of life. These results emphasize the need for comprehensive rehabilitation programs that address not only physical recovery but also psychological support and social reintegration, especially in rural areas like Ha Tinh.

35. LOCAL INFLAMMATION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL VEIN CATHETERS AT TAM ANH GENERAL HOSPITAL HANOI IN 2024

Chu Thi Quy — 2024-12-06

Objective : To determine the rate of local inflammation in patients with peripheral venous catheters and to analyze some related factors.

Research method : A cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis was conducted on 240 patients and 545 peripheral venous catheters observed.

Results : The rate of phlebitis in patients with peripheral venous catheters assessed by the Visual Infusion Phlebitis scale was 27.5% for patients and 25.9% for peripheral venous catheters. The most common levels of inflammation were grade 1 (37.2%) and grade 2 (24.2%); a small number had grade 3 inflammation (1.7%); no grade 4 or grade 5 inflammation was detected. Factors related to the increased rate of phlebitis include: age ≥ 60, low body mass index (BMI < 18.5); treatment duration ≥ 5 days; medication use > 2 times/day, use of more than 2 types of antibiotics and use of antibiotics from the Cephalosporin, Quinolones groups; catheter insertions ≥ 3 times. The risk of developing phlebitis when the peripheral venous catheter is placed at the elbow/leg is 3 times higher than the back of the hand.

Conclusion : The rate of local inflammation in patients with peripheral venous catheters was 25.9%. Early monitoring and detection of localized phlebitis are essential to improve the quality of patient care.

36. ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT FAMILY MEMBERS' KNOWLEDGE OF RISK FACTORS AND WARNING SIGNS OF STROKE AT PHU THO GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2024

Nguyen Quang An — 2024-12-06

Objectives: Assessment of Family Members' Knowledge of Risk Factors and Warning Signs of Stroke at the Stroke Center, Phu Tho General Hospital (2024).

Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Results: The study conducted on 196 family members of patients at the Stroke Center, Phu Tho General Hospital, revealed that their knowledge of the risk factors for stroke varied. Hypertension (92.3%) was the most commonly recognized risk factor. Other risk factors, such as smoking (62.7%) and lack of physical activity (63.8%), were less well-known. Weakness, paralysis of one side of the body, and dysphasia were the most recognized warning signs of stroke, with 94.9% and 91.3% awareness rates, respectively. Analysis of the correlation between knowledge of stroke risk factors showed that individuals aged ≤ 50 had a 5.53 times higher level of knowledge than those > 50 years old. Those with a profession had a 3.16 times higher level of knowledge than the unemployed, and residents of Viet Tri City had a 1.84 times higher level of knowledge compared to those living elsewhere, differences were statistically significant with p<0.05. Regarding knowledge of stroke warning signs, individuals aged ≤ 50 had 11.68 times better knowledge than those > 50 years old, and residents of Viet Tri City had 2.44 times better knowledge compared to those living elsewhere (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Knowledge about stroke risk factors and warning signs varies among family members of patients. The associated demographic characteristics include age ≤ 50 and residence in Viet Tri City.

37. EVALUATION OF WALKING REHABILITATION OUTCOMES USING A COMBINED APPROACH WITH BODY-WEIGHT-SUPPORTED TREADMILL TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE AT PHU THO GENERAL HOSPITAL

Nguyen Huy Ngoc — 2024-12-06

Objectives: Evaluation of outcomes and associated factors in walking rehabilitation using Body-Weight-Supported Treadmill Training (BWSTT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Subjects and methods: A prospective, interventional study comparing pre- and post-treatment outcomes over a 3-week period of walking rehabilitation using the BWSTT method in 71 inpatients with acute ischemic stroke at the Stroke Center, Phu Tho General Hospital.

Results: The most common age group was > 65 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.45:1. Mild NIHSS scores accounted for 78.9%, and 95.8% of patients underwent BWSTT intervention within ≤ 7 days after stroke onset. After 3 weeks of BWSTT intervention, significant improvements were observed across all four scales: FAC, FMA-LE, BBS, and TUG (p < 0.05). Factors associated with walking rehabilitation outcomes included younger age (< 45 years), which showed better walking function improvement on the FAC scale compared to other age groups, and patients with lower NIHSS demonstrated better improvement in walking function on the FMA-LE scale compared to those with moderate NIHSS.

Conclusion: BWSTT method improved in FAC, FMA-LE, BBS, and TUG scores in patient with acute ischemic stroke. Younger patients (< 45 years) showed better walking function improvement on the FAC scale, while patients with mild stroke revealed greater improvement on the FMA-LE scale compared to those with severe stroke.

38. ASSESSMENT OF GENERAL NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE OF GUARDIANS WHEN BRINGING CHILDREN TO GET VACCINATIONS AT THE VACCINATION DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL HOSPITAL FOR TROPICAL DISEASES IN 2023-2024

Nguyen Thanh Ha — 2024-12-06

Objective: To assess the general knowledge of nutrition of guardians when taking their children to get vaccinated at the Vaccination Room, National Hospital For Tropical Diseases in 2023

Method: Cross-sectional study of 99 guardians when taking their children to get vaccinated at the National Hospital For Tropical Diseases in 2023-2024.

Results: Female guardians accounted for 74.7%. The proportion of guardians with children over 24 months old was 33.3%. The proportion of guardians with low knowledge of nutritional group classification (41.4%). 66.7% of guardians knew which substances provide energy, foods belonging to the animal protein group (88.9%). Over 75% of guardians know about the classification of nutrient groups and the foods that provide nutrients for each group, so 99% of guardians are aware of the need to eat enough food from the groups and 96% of guardians understand that nutrition affects children's development. When surveying more deeply the group of guardians of children over 24 months old, 15.2% of guardians have correct knowledge about the oil/fat needs of children 2-5 years old, while the percentage of guardians who answered that they do not know is 75.8%. Regarding the nutritional needs of children 6-8 years old, the percentage of guardians who answered correctly was only 33.3%; the majority answered incorrectly (51.5%). 54.5% of guardians agree that children with diarrhea still need to use oil/fat.

Conclusion: General knowledge of nutrition of guardians when taking children to get vaccinated at the Vaccination Room, National Hospital For Tropical Diseases in 2023 is still low. More guardians need to conduct further research on general practical knowledge of guardians when taking children to get vaccinated to serve as a basis for nutritional counseling, contributing to reducing the rate of malnutrition in children.

39. THE RESULT TREATMENT OF LARGE BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA BY BIPOLAR TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE AT THAI NGUYEN CENTRAL HOSPITAL

Ngo Linh Chi — 2024-12-06

Objectives: To evaluate the changes in IPSS scores, QoL scores, and early complications in patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP).

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study involving 50 patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent TURP with bipolar electrosurgical resection at Thai Nguyen Central Hospital from January 2020 to October 2024.

Results: The mean of age was 75,82 ± 8,72 (50-95).The IPSS scores preoperative and postoperative were 22,42 ± 6,45 and 8,26 ± 2,20. The QoL scores preoperative and postoperative were 4,58 ± 0,61 and 1,86 ± 0,70. The mean of time for operative 67,84 ± 18,64 minutes, the mean of postoperative time 6,54 ± 2,56 days. No surgical complications were observed.

Conclusion: Bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP) is a safe and effective method for improving lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with large benign prostatic hyperplasia.

40. SURVEY THE IN-PATIENT'S SATISFACTION WITH QUALITY OF NURSING CARE AT DISTRICT 7 HOSPITAL

Nguyen Phan Dieu Hien — 2024-12-06

Bachkground: Satisfaction is generally considered the emotional state brought about by the customer assessment and attitude in using the services. Quality nursing care characterized as competence and personal caring. To ensure patient satisfaction, nurses need to provide personalized care. Therefore, we investigated this study and aimed to survey the in-patient's satisfaction with the quality of nursing care.

Methods: A cross sectional correlation design involving in-patients who live in hospitals at least 2 days and maximum 30 days. The participants (N =350) who answered questionnaire that was used to determine the nursing care quality and the in-patient's satisfaction. Linear Regression and Pearson Correlation were used to find the relationship between patients' satisfaction and Nursing Care Quality.

Result: In-patient's satisfaction was improved about 60.4% by Nursing Care Quality and decreased by the facilities in the hospital.

Conclusion: To improve Nursing Care Quality, the nurses need to improve the skills such as Nurse's Care, Nurse's empathy, Nurse care patient, Nurse professional training, Nurse interest Patient's question.

41. POSTOPERATIVE PAIN MANAGEMENT AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY: A SINGLE CENTER OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Pham Duy Quang — 2024-12-06

Background: Postoperative inadequate analgesia is common and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Perioperative pain management after orthopaedics surgery is still challenging. Moreover, the factors associated with severe pain that influence postsurgical pain control according to an acute pain protocol may underestimated and undermanaged, besides in the absence of reports representing Vietnam.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the points pain score via the VAS and perioperative predictors of poor postoperative pain control in patients undergoing orthopaedics surgery.

Method: The cross-sectional study was performed on patients in the Hospital for Traumatology and Orthopaedics HCMC from December 2023 to June 2024.

Results: A total of 615 patients were included in this study. The means of VAS for the before and after orthopaedics surgery were 47.9±19.4 and 40.6±20.9, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the two assessment times (P < 0.05). Spinal surgery (OR = 4.63, 95%CI: 2.53-8.48) and ASA III/IV (OR = 2.78; 95%CI: 1.52-5.10) were statistically associated with severe pain (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, there is an improved significantly between severe pain points by VAS between the first two interviews. Furthermore, we suggest that tightening management patients in ASA III/IV status and providing proper caring based on operative sites are promising approaches to reduce the severe postoperative pain rate.

42. NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND RELATED FACTORS IN STROKE PATIENTS WITH NASOGASTRIC TUBE FEEDING AT THE STROKE CENTER, PHU THO PROVINCE GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2022

Nguyen Huy Ngoc — 2024-12-06

Objectives: Assessment of nutritional status and related factors in stroke patients with nasogastric tube feeding at the stroke center, Phu Tho province general hospital.

Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Results: Our study subjects were predominantly male, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. The age group 66–79 accounted for the highest proportion at 43.4%. At the time of hospital admission, the majority of patients (80%) had normal nutritional status (BMI: 18.5–24.9), while only 19.7% were malnourished (BMI < 18.5). The prevalence of malnutrition (BMI < 18.5) was highest in the ≥80 age group and showed an increase at discharge compared to admission (44.4% vs. 38.9%). Using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) method to evaluate nutritional status, the highest malnutrition rate was observed in the ≥80 age group. According to the SGA evaluation, 57.9% of patients with moderate malnutrition had a BMI < 18.5, while 60% of patients with severe malnutrition also had a BMI < 18.5. There was an association between malnutrition status at discharge (as assessed by SGA) and factors such as infection, mechanical ventilation, and diarrhea. No significant differences in nutritional status were observed between the two types of stroke. However, there was a relationship between the NIHSS clinical score and malnutrition status at discharge; patients with severe clinical admission (NIHSS ≥ 16) had an increased risk of malnutrition at discharge.

Conclusion: Stroke patients receiving nasogastric tube feeding showed an increased rate of malnutrition compared to the time of hospital admission. The proportion of malnourished patients (BMI < 18.5) in the ≥80 age group was the highest at admission (38.9%) and further increased at discharge (44.4%). The rate of malnutrition based on SGA scores was higher in patients with the following conditions: mechanical ventilation; infections; diarrhea; and an NIHSS clinical score of ≥16 at the time of admission.

43. NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND SERUM ZINC CONCENTRATION WITH CHILDREN AGED 0-36 MONTHS VISITED FOR NUTRITION COUNSELLING THE DR. NUTRI NUTRITION CLINICS, 2023-2024

Nguyen Thanh Ha — 2024-12-06

Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status and serum zinc concentration and some related factors of children 0-36 months.

Methods: Cross-sectional description based on medical records of 245 children.

Results: The rate of malnutrition wasting was 5.3%, stunting was 17.5% and underweight was 8.6%, notably the rate of overweight and obesity was 9.4% and there was a statistically significant difference between the 2 age groups with p <0.05 and OR (CI 95%) 0.3 (0.12-0.76). The rate of zinc deficiency was up to 51.4% and there was a statistically significant difference between the 2 age groups with p <0.05 and OR (CI 95%) 1.9 (1.17-3.26) and the average serum zinc concentration had a statistically significant difference between the 2 age groups with p <0.05. Children with malnutrition wasting and overweight /obesity have a significantly higher risk of zinc deficiency and there is a statistically significant difference with p<0.05.

Conclusion: The rate of malnutrition and zinc deficiency is still high in children aged 0-36 months, especially stunting, overweight and obesity.

44. ENHANCING HEALTHCARE WORKERS' KNOWLEDGE OF PATIENT SAFETY AND INFECTION CONTROL THROUGH TARGETED TRAINING AT DIEN BIEN PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITAL

Pham Van Man — 2024-12-06

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of targeted interventions to improve health care workers (HCWs)' knowledge of COVID-19 patient safety at Dien Bien Provincial General Hospital.

Methods: A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted among 275 full-time HCWs at Dien Bien Provincial General Hospital from July 2021 to July 2022. Participants attended five structured training sessions focused on patient safety and COVID-19 prevention, including personal protective equipment (PPE) use and hand hygiene. Knowledge was measured using a questionnaire based on Vietnam’s Ministry of Health patient safety guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: The intervention led to significant improvements in HCWs’ knowledge of COVID-19 prevention measures. Compliance with mask-wearing increased from 86.9% to 92.7%, and knowledge scores for infection control measures rose substantially. Standard precautions improved from 72.0% to 85.1%, and transmission-based precautions from 47.6% to 76.4%. Mean knowledge scores increased across general prevention (1.71 to 1.81), infection control (2.87 to 3.90), and laundry handling (5.32 to 6.29) domains.

Conclusion: The targeted training interventions successfully increased HCWs' adherence to essential COVID-19 prevention protocols, demonstrating the potential of similar programs to improve healthcare safety in Vietnam. Continuous education is recommended to sustain high compliance and address logistical barriers in infection control practices.

45. INTERVENTIONS AND NURSING CARE OF ACUTE POISONING PATIENTS IN THE FIRST 24 HOURS OF HOSPITALIZATION AT THE CENTER OF EMERGENCY AND POISON CONTROL, VIETNAM NATIONAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL IN 2020

Pham Ngoc Toan — 2024-12-06

Background: The early detection and prompt treatment of acutely poisoned patients are not just important; they are critical. The medical community, including healthcare providers, researchers, and emergency medicine professionals, play a vital role in improving the chances of survival and recovery in these cases.

Objective: To describe the healthcare and treatment provided to patients with acute poisoning within 24 hours of admission to the Center of Emergency and Poison Control, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, in 2020.

Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted on 60 children admitted with poisoning to the Center of Emergency and Poison Control of the National Children's Hospital from June to July 2020.

Results: Most children were under 5 years old (77%), with 53.3% male. Poisoning was primarily caused by food/drinks (46.7%), followed by incidents related to parents (35%). The most common poisons were chemicals (46.7%), drugs (15%), food/insect venom (10%), and opium/methadone (6.7%). Regarding emergency interventions, 21.7% required oxygen, 5% needed endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, 5% received blood transfusions, 78.3% required intravenous electrolyte replacement, and 2 cases needed cardiac arrest resuscitation. Detoxification treatments included gastric lavage in 10% of cases, combined gastric lavage and activated charcoal in 3%, increased diuresis in 10%, and hemodialysis in 2 children. Specific detoxification drugs were used in 21.7% of cases. For care, 38.3% of children had gastric tubes, 8.3% had urinary tubes, 16.7% required sputum suctioning, and 100% were monitored using monitoring machines. In the first 24 hours, 10% had vital signs monitored 12 times or more, and 36.7% were observed 6-11 times.

Conclusion: Most pediatric poisoning cases involved children under 5, with food/drink poisoning and parental involvement as critical causes. Ordinary treatments included intravenous fluids, oxygen, and gastric lavage. However, the key to successful treatment and recovery lies in timely monitoring in the first 24 hours, underscoring the vital need for ongoing emergency and poisoning care training for healthcare providers.

46. CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH COMMON ACNE VULGARIS AT TUE TINH HOSPITAL

Nguyen Thi Phuong — 2024-12-11

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with acne vulgaris treated at Tue Tinh Hospital.

Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris at Tue Tinh Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023.
Results: The proportion of female patients (66%) was higher than male patients (34%). The predominant age group was 18–25 years, accounting for 86%. The duration of disease longer than 2 years was observed in 40% of patients. Moderate acne severity was the most common, reported in 68% of cases. The primary lesions were acne comedones and superficial inflammatory lesions, found in 100% of patients. Dietary factors were associated with disease exacerbation in all cases (100%).

Conclusion: Acne vulgaris primarily affects young individuals, with a higher prevalence in females compared to males. The disease is generally of mild to moderate severity. Contributing factors such as hormonal disorders, unhealthy dietary habits, and improper use of cosmetics were identified as significant aggravating factors.

47. DETECTION OF BACTEROIDES FRAGILIS BACTERIA IN TUMORS OF COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS

Vu Son Giang — 2024-12-11

Objective: To investigate the presence of Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using molecular biology techniques and a convenience sampling method. The study included 123 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 2023–2024 at Military Hospital 175, Vietnam.

Results: Using a range of recombinant plasmid concentrations from 10⁶ to 1 copy alongside DNA extracted from healthy human blood samples, the PCR method demonstrated detection sensitivity down to 10 bacterial copies per clinical sample. Optimized PCR conditions were applied to the 123 CRC samples, identifying B. fragilis in 82 samples, corresponding to a positivity rate of 66.7%. No correlation was observed between the presence of B. fragilis and patient characteristics such as age, sex, tumor differentiation, tumor location, or invasion depth.

Conclusion: The positivity rate for Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis among CRC patients in Vietnam is relatively high. These findings suggest that microbiota alterations could have potential as a biomarker for early detection of colorectal cancer.

48. EARLY BREASTFEEDING INITIATION AMONG WOMEN IN LAO PDR: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE CHALLENGES OF IN A HOSPITAL-BASED INTERVENTION

Xanxai Soryavong — 2024-12-11

Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of life occurred in about only 39.6% of Laotian infants. This study is to assess the challenges of a hospital-based intervention supporting early initiation of breastfeeding among postpartum women in Bokeo Provinical hospital during 2022-2023.

Materials and Method: A descriptive qualitative study on health providers and postpartum women in Bokeo Provinical hospital was conducted. A total of 12 participants were involved in the study (1 focus group discussion with 7 health providers and 5 in-depth interviews with postpartum mothers and their relatives). All qualitative data were thematically analysed using Microsoft Word.

Result: The following themes were found: 1) Further support for early initiation of breastfeeding, 2) Shortage of exclusively breastfeeding follow-up, and 3) Shortage of feasible solutions. There was an emphasis on early initiation of breastfeeding, which was challenged by maternal exhaustion after delivery. Study participants reported poor follow-up on breastfeeding practice after initial counselling and reacting to adverse outcomes in lieu of adequate monitoring, with a reliance on mothers to follow-up on challenges. There was poor support for facility-based breastfeeding after initial counselling post-delivery, which revealed an overall neglect in hospital postpartum care for those considered to be in good health after initial assessment.

Conclusion: This study provides insight for further understanding of the challenges for an intervention on early breastfeeding initiation for women in Lao PDR. We recommend the development of indicators to track continued facility-based breastfeeding, identify vulnerable infants at-risk of feeding problems, and strengthening care in postnatal wards, which is currently as neglected component of maternity care.

49. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF HEALTH ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS OF PD-(L)1 INHIBITORS FOR FIRST-LINE TREATMENT AMONG PATIENTS WITH HIGH PD-L1 EXPRESSION NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

Nguyen Tran Phuong Thanh — 2024-12-11

Objectives: To summarize evidence on the cost-effectiveness of PD-(L)1 inhibitors as first-line therapy in patients with high PD-L1 expression non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted, searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and health technology assessment agency websites up to September 24, 2022. Eligible studies evaluated the economic outcomes of PD-(L)1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for high PD-L1 expression non-small cell lung cancer. Study quality was assessed using the CHEERS and QHES checklists

Results: 17 eligible studies were included, mostly from high-income countries (HICs), using model-based analyses from healthcare system or third-party payer perspectives. Pembrolizumab was cost-effective compared to chemotherapy in most HICs, except Singapore, but not against pembrolizumab-platinum combinations in Sweden. In China, its cost-effectiveness was uncertain. Cemiplimab was cost-effective compared to pembrolizumab or chemotherapy in the US. Atezolizumab showed inconsistent results depending on willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds in the US and China. Drug price significantly impacted cost-effectiveness results. Quality scores ranged from 18–22.5/28 (CHEERS) and 71.5–92.5/100 (QHES).

Conclusion: Cost-effectiveness of PD-(L)1 inhibitors for the first-line NSCLC treatment varied by country, comparator, model setting, and WTP. Policymakers should use country- and healthcare system-specific economic evaluation to guide their decision-making on resource allocation.

50. NARRATIVE REVIEW ABOUT THE INTERVENTION ON EARLY INITIATION OF EARLY BREASTFEEDING INITIATION DURING 2015-2024

Xanxai Soryavong — 2024-12-12

Background: Although early initiation of breastfeeding could save the lives of thousands newborn, it is a far from mother’s practice worldwide. This narrative review paper aims to identify and describe intervention activities intended to increase the initiation of early breastfeeding during 2015-2024.

Materials and Method: The search was undertaken from January to March, 2024. The methods and reporting were developed and conducted with the guideline of PRISMA reporting guidelines. Search terms were applied with various Boolean operators for three core concepts: breastfeeding; timing of breastfeeding initiation; and hospital-based intervention

Result: 14 studies were included for review. After more than three decades of implementation (1991-present), reports on 168 countries in 2017 show that the majority of countries (86%) have implemented BFHI. WHO estimates that BFHI coverage (calculated as the proportion of children born at BFHIs) was only 10% in 2016. BFHI coverage varies by region, with coverage rates above 35% in Europe but less than 5% in Africa and Southeast Asia.

Conclusion: Whilst some barriers manifest similarly across the region some factors are context-specific thus tailored interventions are imperative. Initiatives halting factors and directed towards contextual barriers are required for greater impact on newborn survival and improved nutrition in low- and middle-income countries.