Objective: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity and some related factors among 427 students at 4 high schools in Ho Chi Minh City in 2024. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in November-December 2024. Results: The study on 427 high school students showed that the rates of chronic energy deficiency, overweight, and obesity were 18.5%, 10.8%, and 23.2%, respectively. Nutritional status differed by gender (p<0.05), with obesity rates significantly higher in male students than female students (31.1% vs. 16.7%). Obesity rates tended to increase from grade 11 (18.8%) to grade 12 (25.9%), particularly high in grade 12 male students (34.8%). The average level of physical activity was 1774.8 ± 2047.3 MET-minutes/week; 40.7% of students had low levels of physical activity. The odds of being overweight or obese were 54.2% lower among female students than among male students (OR = 0.458; 95% CI: 0.30–0.68; p < 0.001). No association was found between overweight/obesity status and grade level or physical activity level (p>0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight/obesity among high school students remains high, especially among male students. Gender is a statistically significant factor associated with this status.