CHARACTERISTICS OF ANEMIA AND RELATED FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-DIALYSIS-DEPENDENT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE STAGES 3-5

Objectives: (1) To describe the characteristics of anemia in patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who have not yet initiated renal replacement therapy; (2) To investigate several factors associated with anemia in this patient population. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 201 patients with stage 3-5 CKD not receiving renal replacement therapy at Bach Mai Hospital from July 2025 to February 2026. Results: The prevalence of anemia in the study group was 86.57%, primarily consisting of mild anemia (82,18%). The most common morphological patterns were normochromic (76,4%) and normocytic (84,5%). The mean hemoglobin concentration in males (112,52 ± 22,62 g/L) was higher than in females (101,64 ± 16,24 g/L) and decreased progressively as the disease stage advanced (p<0,05). Hb levels showed a positive correlation with eGFR (r = 0,294, p < 0,001) and a negative correlation with urea, creatinine, and UPCR (p < 0,05). No significant correlations were found between Hb and BMI, serum iron, or ferritin (p > 0,05). Conclusions: Anemia is a highly prevalent complication in stage 3-5 CKD patients, worsening with the decline of renal function. Early identification and management of anemia through eGFR and related factors play a crucial role in the care of patients in the pre-dialysis stages.