CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EXPRESSION PATTERN OF VIMENTIN IN RELATION TO HISTOLOGICAL TYPE, HISTOLOGICAL GRADE, AND PT STAGE OF GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA AT HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2022-2023

Objective: Evaluation of the expression characteristics between vimentin reaction samples and histological type, histological grade, and pT stage of gastric adenocarcinoma at Hanoi Medical University Hospital in 2022-2023. Subjects and research methods: cross-sectional descriptive study, convenience sampling. Results: Vimentin expression ranged from light yellow to reddish-brown in the cytoplasm of tumor cells undergoing mesenchymal transition, appearing as granules or diffuse. The positive rate for vimentin marker was 21.1%, while the negative rate was 78.9%. Strong expression of vimentin was observed in 12.3% of cases, and weak expression was found in 8.8%. The tubular adenocarcinoma type and poorly cohesive adenocarcinoma type each accounted for 19.3%; the papillary adenocarcinoma type accounted for 28.1%; the mucinous adenocarcinoma type accounted for 8.8%; the mixed adenocarcinoma type accounted for 22.8%; and some rare types accounted for 1.8%. Most cases were primarily distributed into two groups: poorly differentiated and moderately differentiated, with proportions of 62.95% and 35.1%, respectively. No cases were found in the non-differentiated and highly differentiated groups. Primarily, tumors in stages pT3 and pT4 accounted for 77.2%, with stage pT3 making up 35.1% and pT4 42.1%. Conclusion: A larger sample size is needed to further strengthen the research results obtained regarding the expression of Vimentin (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) related to histological type, histological grade, and tumor invasion depth.