Articles Vol. 67 No. 3 31/03/2026

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL INDUCTION BASED ON SYNDROME DIFFERENTIATION IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

Quynh Nguyen Thi Nhu1, Son Le Ngoc Bich2, Phu Le Hong3, Tuan Nguyen Thanh Ha4, Ngan Nguyen Hoang5, Nhan Le Thi Thanh6, Nam Nguyen Truong1, Tuan Nguyen Hoang7
1 Phenikaa University
2 Department of Traditional Medicine Management
3 Military Institute of Traditional Medicine
4 Học viện Quân y
5 Military Medical Academy
6 Faculty of Medicine - Hanoi University of Business and Technology
7 High School for Gifted Students in Natural Sciences, Vietnam National University, Hanoi
DOI: 10.52163/yhc.v67i3.4635
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Abstract

Objective: To classify and synthesize methods for establishing experimental animal models based on syndrome differentiation in traditional medicine.

Methodology: This study was conducted as a scoping review in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature was searched in PubMed, CNKI, and Google Scholar from January 2004 to June 2025. Extracted data included animal species/strains, induction interventions, syndrome validation criteria, objective outcome measures.

Results: Of the 40 records initially identified, 18 articles were assessed in full text, and 16 experimental studies met the eligibility criteria. Integrated disease–syndrome models were the most prevalent (n = 7, 43.7%), followed by conversion models (n = 5, 31.3%) and syndrome-only models (n = 4, 25%).

Conclusion: Experimental animal models based on TCM syndromes have increasingly evolved toward integrated disease–syndrome models, supporting research on integrated traditional and modern medicine. No eligible Vietnam-based publications were identified within the specified search strategy.

Keywords
Animal model, Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome, disease-syndrome model, Zheng-hou (syndrome pattern), modeling methods.
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