Articles Vol. 67 No. 3 31/03/2026

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL INDUCTION BASED ON SYNDROME DIFFERENTIATION IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

Nguyen Thi Nhu Quynh1,2, Le Ngoc Bich Son3,4, Le Hong Phu5,6, Nguyen Thanh Ha Tuan7, Nguyen Hoang Ngan7,8, Le Thi Thanh Nhan9,10, Nguyen Truong Nam1,2, Nguyen Hoang Tuan11,12
1 Phenikaa University
2 Đại học Phenikaa
3 Department of Traditional Medicine Management
4 Cục quản lý Y dược cổ truyền
5 Military Institute of Traditional Medicine
6 Viện Y học Cổ truyền Quân đội
7 Học viện Quân y
8 Military Medical Academy
9 Faculty of Medicine - Hanoi University of Business and Technology
10 Khoa Y-Trường Đại học Kinh doanh và Công nghệ Hà Nội
11 High School for Gifted Students in Natural Sciences, Vietnam National University, Hanoi
12 Trường PTTH chuyên Khoa học Tự nhiên, đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội
DOI: 10.52163/yhc.v67i3.4635
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Keywords
Animal model, Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome, disease-syndrome model, Zheng-hou (syndrome pattern), modeling methods.
Abstract

Objective: To classify and synthesize methods for establishing experimental animal models based on syndrome differentiation in traditional medicine.

Methodology: This study was conducted as a scoping review in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature was searched in PubMed, CNKI, and Google Scholar from January 2004 to June 2025. Extracted data included animal species/strains, induction interventions, syndrome validation criteria, objective outcome measures.

Results: Of the 40 records initially identified, 18 articles were assessed in full text, and 16 experimental studies met the eligibility criteria. Integrated disease–syndrome models were the most prevalent (n = 7, 43.7%), followed by conversion models (n = 5, 31.3%) and syndrome-only models (n = 4, 25%).

Conclusion: Experimental animal models based on TCM syndromes have increasingly evolved toward integrated disease–syndrome models, supporting research on integrated traditional and modern medicine. No eligible Vietnam-based publications were identified within the specified search strategy.

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