Articles Vol. 67 No. 2 02/03/2026

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RELATED FACTORS OF PATIENTS WITH HORIZONTAL FOREHEAD LINES AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY

Nguyen Thi Thu Phuong1,2,3,4, Nguyen Van Thuong5,6,7,8, Tran Thai Son1,2,3,4, Nguyen Quang Minh6,8, Vu Thi Hong Luyen6,8, Truong Thi Huyen Trang6,8, Le Thi Xuan6,8, Thai Thi Dieu Van6,8, Le Van Trung6,8, Vu Thai Ha5,6,7,8
1 Bach Mai Medical College
2 Bach Mai Hospital
3 Trường Cao đẳng Y tế Bạch Mai
4 Bệnh viện Bạch Mai
5 Hanoi Medical University
6 Central Dermatology Hospital
7 Trường Đại học Y Hà Nội
8 Bệnh viện Da liễu trung ương
DOI: 10.52163/yhc.v67i2.4339
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Keywords
horizontal forehead lines, frowning habit, sunscreen use
Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and related factors of patients with horizontal forehead lines at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology.

Subjects and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 223 patients with horizontal forehead wrinkles who attended the hospital from August 2024 to August 2025.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 34,5 ± 8,6 years, with females accounting for 76,2%. The highest prevalence of forehead wrinkles was observed in the 30–<50 years age group (60,1%). Regarding treatment, the use of topical creams was most common (56,5%), followed by no intervention (18,8%), while invasive procedures were less frequent. Type I wrinkle pattern predominated (88,3%), and wrinkles extending across the entire forehead width were the most frequent location (88,6%). Dynamic wrinkles were mainly of moderate severity, whereas static wrinkles were mostly mild or minimal. FLGS scores for both dynamic and static wrinkles increased with the frequency of habitual frowning. Static wrinkle severity was lower among participants using sunscreen and increased with age, with those aged ≥50 years having higher FLGS scores than younger groups.

Conclusion: Horizontal forehead wrinkles primarily occurred in the 30–<50 years age group. Type I pattern and wrinkles across the full forehead width were predominant. Dynamic wrinkle severity was associated with habitual frowning, while static wrinkle severity was associated with habitual frowning, sunscreen use, and age.

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